Pressure solution lithification as a mechanism for the stick‐slip behavior of faults
Pressure solution lithification as a mechanism for the stick‐slip behavior of faults
复制标题
压溶岩化作为断层粘滑行为的机制
DOI：
10.1029/tc001i002p00151
复制
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
M. Furnish
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Angevine;D. Turcotte;M. Furnish
许多主要断层，包括圣安德烈亚斯断层的很大一部分，在大地震之间看起来几乎是静止的。旧金山和洛杉矶附近的圣安地列斯断层被锁住的部分，虽然次级断层可能很活跃，但在主断层的轨迹上几乎没有地震活动。断层上的粘滑行为可以用静摩擦系数来解释，静摩擦系数大于动态或滑动系数。本文提出了一种修正的摩擦假说，即在地震间隙断层上发生化学岩化作用（胶结作用）。当断层上的应力增加时，它变得足够大，足以破坏颗粒之间的胶结键，从而导致断层上的滑动。我们定量地处理这个问题，假设压力溶液是胶结的原因。该模型的一个优点是在胶结过程中静水压力接近静岩压力，因此可以预测低断层强度。
Many major faults, including a large fraction of the San Andreas, appear to be virtually quiescent between great earthquakes. The locked sections of the San Andreas near San Francisco and Los Angeles have little or no seismic activity on the primary fault trace, although secondary faults may be active. Stick-slip behavior on a fault can be explained in terms of a static coefficient of friction, which is larger than the dynamic or sliding coefficient. In this paper we propose a modification of the friction hypothesis in which chemical lithification (cementation) occurs on the fault between earthquakes. As the stress on the fault increases it becomes large enough to break the cemented bonds between particles causing slip on the fault. We treat this problem quantitatively, assuming that pressure solution is responsible for the cementation. An advantage of this model is that the hydrostatic pressure approaches the lithostatic pressure during cementation so that low fault strengths are predicted.