Mechanisms of HCV resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies.

Mechanisms of HCV resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coviro.2021.07.003
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发表时间:
2021-10
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Bailey JR
Bailey JR
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Frumento N;Flyak AI;Bailey JR

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广谱中和抗体(BNAbs)通过靶向丙型肝炎病毒(丙型肝炎病毒)包膜糖蛋白E1和E2上相对保守的表位来阻断基因多样性的丙型肝炎病毒分离株的感染。许多氨基酸替换导致对这些bNAb的抗性已被鉴定,确定了bNAb逃逸的多种机制。一些抗药性替换遵循预期的机制,即直接破坏靶标表位。有趣的是,其他抗性替换落在远离bNAb靶向表位的E2区域。这些替换可以赋予对多种bNAbs的广泛抵抗力,但其作用机制不太明确。一些调节丙型肝炎病毒与细胞表面受体的结合,而另一些可能诱导E2蛋白的构象变化。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了丙型肝炎病毒bNAb耐药的机制以及对丙型肝炎病毒疫苗开发的意义。
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) block infection by genetically diverse hepatitis C virus (HCV) isolates by targeting relatively conserved epitopes on the HCV envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2. Many amino acid substitutions conferring resistance to these bNAbs have been characterized, identifying multiple mechanisms of bNAb escape. Some resistance substitutions follow the expected mechanism of directly disrupting targeted epitopes. Interestingly, other resistance substitutions fall in E2 domains distant from bNAb-targeted epitopes. These substitutions, which can confer broad resistance to multiple bNAbs, act by less clearly defined mechanisms. Some modulate binding of HCV to cell surface receptors, while others may induce conformational changes in the E2 protein. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of HCV bNAb resistance and implications for HCV vaccine development.
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