Fear and anxiety in the face of COVID-19: Negative dispositions towards risk and uncertainty as vulnerability factors.
Fear and anxiety in the face of COVID-19: Negative dispositions towards risk and uncertainty as vulnerability factors.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102454
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Frey R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Millroth P;Frey R
面对新冠肺炎大流行，重要的是找出使人们特别容易出现心理健康问题的因素，以便提供针对具体病例的治疗。在这篇文章中，我们考察了两个心理学概念--最初在行为决策科学中提出的--在预测个体间恐惧反应差异方面的作用：一般风险厌恶(GRA)和不确定性不容忍(IU)。我们首先提供了这些结构的回顾，并说明了为什么它们可能在塑造焦虑相关障碍中发挥重要作用。之后，我们进行了一项实证研究，收集了550名美国居民的调查数据，包括对风险和不确定性、焦虑和抑郁水平的自我评估，以及人口变量-从而测试这些心理结构在多大程度上预测与新冠肺炎相关的强烈恐惧反应(即致命恐惧、心跳加速)。贝叶斯多模型推理分析的结果表明，GRA和IU是比人口统计变量更有效的恐惧反应预测因子。此外，这些结构的预测力与一般的焦虑和抑郁水平无关。随后的中介分析表明，GRA和IU都通过焦虑产生了直接和间接的影响。我们最后讨论了可能的治疗方案，但也强调了未来的研究需要进一步检查因果路径和概念重叠。
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic it is important to identify factors that make people particularly vulnerable of developing mental-health issues in order to provide case-specific treatments. In this article, we examine the roles of two psychological constructs – originally put forth in the behavioral decision sciences – in predicting interindividual differences in fear responses: general risk aversion (GRA) and intolerance of uncertainty (IU). We first provide a review of these constructs and illustrate why they may play important roles in shaping anxiety-related disorders. Thereafter we present an empirical study that collected survey data from 550 U.S. residents, comprising self-assessments of dispositions towards risk and uncertainty, anxiety- and depression levels, as well as demographic variables – to thus test the extent to which these psychological constructs are predictive of strong fear responses related to COVID-19 (i.e., mortal fear, racing heart). The results from Bayesian multi-model inference analyses showed that GRA and IU were more powerful predictors of fear responses than demographic variables. Moreover, the predictive power of these constructs was independent of general anxiety- and depression levels. Subsequent mediation analyses showed that the effects of GRA and IU were both direct and indirect via anxiety. We conclude by discussing possible treatment options, but also highlight that future research needs to further examine causal pathways and conceptual overlaps.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13415-014-0277-8
发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience
影响因子：
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