INVASIONS AND COMPETITIVE DISPLACEMENT AMONG HOUSE GECKOS IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC
INVASIONS AND COMPETITIVE DISPLACEMENT AMONG HOUSE GECKOS IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC
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DOI：
10.2307/1939550
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发表时间：
1994-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
PETREN, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CASE, TJ;BOLGER, DT;PETREN, K
自20世纪30年代以来，常见的家壁虎，半爪虎，一种有性物种，已经被不经意地引入到许多热带太平洋岛屿。利用标记-重新捕获普查和目视壁虎搜索，我们发现，以前在这些岛屿上常见的一种无性壁虎--羽毛虎，在没有华支睾吸虫的岛屿上，在城市/郊区环境中的建筑物上，比在有华支睾吸虫存在的岛屿上，其数量增加了近800%。在夏威夷和斐济不同年份进行调查的建筑物上，随着时间的推移，华南星天牛与红星天牛的比例显著增加。数量优势程度也与气候和栖息地有关：与较干旱的岛屿一侧相比，在较大岛屿的中层、较凉爽、迎风的一侧相对更常见，而且一般情况下，黑线姬鼠不会渗透到森林栖息地，而在森林栖息地，赤眼壁虎仍然是最常见的壁虎之一。总体而言，有外部电灯的建筑比没有照明的建筑有更多的壁虎。在这两个物种出现在相同的建筑物上的地方，平均而言，华南星天牛更接近吸引昆虫的灯光附近的主要觅食地点。在没有H.frenatus的情况下，L.lugubris被发现更接近灯光。我们假设，当昆虫猎物集中在结构简单的斑块(如带灯的扁平建筑墙壁)时，先前展示的frenatus对L.lugubra的竞争优势(Bolger和Case 1992)可能会导致竞争优势，从而能够容易地检测到猎物和入侵者。
Since the 1930s the common house gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus, a sexual species, has been inadvertently introduced to many tropical Pacific islands. Using mark-recapture censuses and visual gecko searches we found that Lepidodactylus lugubris, an asexual gecko previously common on these islands, is nearly 800% more abundant on buildings in the urban/suburban environment on islands that lack H. frenatus than it is on islands where H. frenatus is present. On buildings in Hawaii and Fiji that have been surveyed in different years, the proportion of H. frenatus relative to L. lugubris has significantly increased over time. The degree of numerical dominance is also related to climate and habitat: L. lugubris is relatively more common on the more mesic, cooler, windward sides of large islands compared to the more arid sides of islands and in general H. frenatus does not penetrate forest habitats, where L. lugubris remains one of the most common geckos. Overall, buildings with external electric lights have more geckos than unlit buildings. Where the two species occur on the same buildings H. frenatus is closer, on average, to the prime feeding sites near lights that attract insects. In the absence of H. frenatus, L. lugubris is found closer to the lights. We hypothesize that the previously demonstrated agonistic dominance of H. frenatus over L. lugubris (Bolger and Case 1992) is likely to lead to competitive superiority when insect prey are concentrated into patches that are structurally simple (like flat building walls with lights), allowing easy detection of prey and intruders.