HIGH AND DRY New Observations of Tropospheric and Cloud Properties above the Greenland Ice Sheet
HIGH AND DRY New Observations of Tropospheric and Cloud Properties above the Greenland Ice Sheet
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DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-11-00249.1
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Rowe, Penny M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shupe, Matthew D.;Turner, David D.;Rowe, Penny M.
高温和干燥：格陵兰冰盖上方对流层和云特性的新观测 云和大气特性强烈影响格陵兰冰盖 (GIS) 的质量和能量预算。为了解决对这些系统理解方面的关键差距，中央地理信息系统上安装了一套新的云和大气观测仪器，作为能源、云、大气状态和峰会降水综合表征 (ICECAPS) 项目的一部分。在运行的前 20 个月中，这套互补的有源和无源地面传感器和无线电探空仪为重要的云-大气特性提供了新的、独特的视角。在 GIS 的高处，大气极其干燥和寒冷，全年都具有很强的近地表静态稳定性，尤其是在冬季。这种低层热力学结构，加上频繁的水汽反转，传达了平流对局部云和降水形成的重要性。云液态水在一年中的各个月份都有观测到，甚至在特别寒冷干燥的冬季也是如此，而年循环观测表明，大气水分量、云水含量和降雪量最大的时期是在夏季和西南气流作用下。在格陵兰岛萨米特观测到的云的许多基本结构特性，特别是低层层状云，与其他北极地区的云类似。ICECAPS 观测和附带分析将用于增进对关键云-大气过程及其与 GIS 相互作用的方式的理解。此外，它们还将促进这个数据稀疏但环境独特的地区的模型评估和开发。 （第 169 页）
HIGH AND DRY: NEW OBSERVATIONS OF TROPOSPHERIC AND CLOUD PROPERTIES ABOVE THE GREENLAND ICE SHEET Cloud and atmospheric properties strongly influence the mass and energy budgets of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). To address critical gaps in the understanding of these systems, a new suite of cloud- and atmosphere-observing instruments has been installed on the central GIS as part of the Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric State, and Precipitation at Summit (ICECAPS) project. During the first 20 months in operation, this complementary suite of active and passive ground-based sensors and radiosondes has provided new and unique perspectives on important cloud-atmosphere properties.High atop the GIS, the atmosphere is extremely dry and cold with strong near-surface static stability predominating throughout the year, particularly in winter. This low-level thermodynamic structure, coupled with frequent moisture inversions, conveys the importance of advection for local cloud and precipitation formation. Cloud liquid water is observed in all months of the year, even the particularly cold and dry winter, while annual cycle observations indicate that the largest atmospheric moisture amounts, cloud water contents, and snowfall occur in summer and under southwesterly flow. Many of the basic structural properties of clouds observed at Summit, Greenland, particularly for low-level stratiform clouds, are similar to their counterparts in Other Arctic regions.The ICECAPS observations and accompanying analyses will be used to improve the under-standing of key cloud-atmosphere processes and the manner in which they interact with the GIS. Furthermore, they will facilitate model evaluation and development in this data-sparse but environmentally unique region. (Page 169)