Labor demand in the time of COVID-19: Evidence from vacancy postings and UI claims
Labor demand in the time of COVID-19: Evidence from vacancy postings and UI claims
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104238
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Wiczer, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forsythe, Eliza;Kahn, Lisa B.;Wiczer, David
我们使用Burning Glass Technologies在真实的时间内收集的职位空缺数据，以及失业保险（UI）首次索赔和更传统的劳工统计局（BLS）就业数据来研究COVID-19对劳动力市场的影响。我们的职位空缺数据使我们能够按地理分类以及详细的职业和行业跟踪经济。我们发现，职位空缺在3月下半月大幅减少。到4月下旬，它们已经下降了40%以上。初步估计，这场崩溃的基础是广泛的，打击了美国所有的州，无论呆在家里的政策的时间。UI索赔和BLS就业数据也在很大程度上符合这些模式。几乎所有的行业和职业都看到了职位的收缩和UI索赔的激增，这取决于他们是否被认为是必不可少的，以及他们是否有在家工作的能力。在当前危机中最受欢迎的“一线”工作--必需品零售业受到的冲击要小得多，而休闲和酒店服务业以及非必需品零售业则遭遇了最大的崩溃。这一系列事实表明，经济崩溃并不仅仅是由“呆在家里”的命令造成的，因此不太可能仅仅通过解除这些命令来消除。(C)2020爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
We use job vacancy data collected in real time by Burning Glass Technologies, as well as unemployment insurance (UI) initial claims and the more traditional Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) employment data to study the impact of COVID-19 on the labor market. Our job vacancy data allow us to track the economy at disaggregated geography and by detailed occupation and industry. We find that job vacancies collapsed in the second half of March. By late April, they had fallen by over 40%. To a first approximation, this collapse was broad based, hitting all U.S. states, regardless of the timing of stay-at-home policies. UI claims and BLS employment data also largely match these patterns. Nearly all industries and occupations saw contraction in postings and spikes in UI claims, with little difference depending on whether they are deemed essential and whether they have work-from-home capability. Essential retail, the "front line" job most in-demand during the current crisis, took a much smaller hit, while leisure and hospitality services and non-essential retail saw the biggest collapses. This set of facts suggests the economic collapse was not caused solely by the stay-at-home orders, and is therefore unlikely to be undone simply by lifting them. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.