An elevation of 0.1 light-seconds for the optical jet base in an accreting Galactic black hole system

An elevation of 0.1 light-seconds for the optical jet base in an accreting Galactic black hole system
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吸积银河系黑洞系统中光学喷流基座的高度为 0.1 光秒

DOI:
10.1038/s41550-017-0273-3
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
影响因子:
14.1
通讯作者:
Gandhi P
Gandhi P
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gandhi P

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在许多拥有吸积黑洞的系统中可以观察到相对论性等离子体喷流。根据理论,靠近黑洞的线圈磁场加速并校准等离子体,导致喷射喷射,-。隔离这个加速和准直区域的辐射是测量其大小和理解射流形成物理的关键。但这是具有挑战性的,因为喷气基地的排放物不容易与其他吸积成分分离。在这里,我们展示了一个吸积的银河系黑洞双子星的快速光通量变化相对于从黑洞附近辐射的x射线延迟了大约0.1秒,并且这个延迟的信号与一个变亮的射电喷流一起出现。这些亚秒光学变化的起源至今仍有争议,,,-。我们的研究不仅有力地支持了光学变化的射流起源,而且还为黑洞上方的主要内部光学发射区设定了一个特征高度为> 103史瓦西半径,这限制了内部激波和磁流体动力学模型。与耀变体的相似之处表明,喷流结构和发射物理可能在质量不变模型下统一起来。两个被研究得最好的喷射黑洞双星显示出非常相似的光学滞后,所以这种规模可能是这类系统的一个决定性特征。
Relativistic plasma jets are observed in many systems that host accreting black holes. According to theory, coiled magnetic fields close to the black hole accelerate and collimate the plasma, leading to a jet being launched, –. Isolating emission from this acceleration and collimation zone is key to measuring its size and understanding jet formation physics. But this is challenging because emission from the jet base cannot easily be disentangled from other accreting components. Here, we show that rapid optical flux variations from an accreting Galactic black-hole binary are delayed with respect to X-rays radiated from close to the black hole by about 0.1 seconds, and that this delayed signal appears together with a brightening radio jet. The origin of these subsecond optical variations has hitherto been controversial, , , –. Not only does our work strongly support a jet origin for the optical variations but it also sets a characteristic elevation of ≲103Schwarzschild radii for the main inner optical emission zone above the black hole, constraining both internal shock and magnetohydrodynamic models. Similarities with blazars,suggest that jet structure and launching physics could potentially be unified under mass-invariant models. Two of the best-studied jetted black-hole binaries show very similar optical lags,,, so this size scale may be a defining feature of such systems.
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