The mechanical stability of the world's tallest broadleaf trees
The mechanical stability of the world's tallest broadleaf trees
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DOI：
10.1111/btp.12850
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发表时间：
2020-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Malhi, Yadvinder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, Tobias D.;Shenkin, Alexander F.;Malhi, Yadvinder
限制树木最大高度的因素，无论是生理生态的还是机械的，都是长期争论的主题。在这里，我们研究的作用，限制树高的机械稳定性，并专注于树木从地球上最高的热带森林，在沙巴，马来西亚婆罗洲，包括最近发现的最高的热带树木，100.8 mShorea faguetiananamed梅纳拉。我们使用地面激光扫描，原位应变仪数据和有限元模拟，绘制高大的热带树木的结构，并监测其对风荷载的响应。我们表明，树的风险打破由于重力或自重随树高降低，是更强烈的树结构比材料性能的影响。与此相反，风害风险增加与树的高度，尽管更大的直径高大的树木，导致一个U形曲线的机械风险与树的高度。我们的研究结果表明，婆罗洲北部极端风速的相对罕见可能是它是热带地区最高树木的原因。
The factors that limit the maximum height of trees, whether ecophysiological or mechanical, are the subject of longstanding debate. Here, we examine the role of mechanical stability in limiting tree height and focus on trees from the tallest tropical forests on Earth, in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, including the recently discovered tallest tropical tree, a 100.8 mShorea faguetiananamed Menara. We use terrestrial laser scans, in situ strain gauge data and finite element simulations, to map the architecture of tall tropical trees and monitor their response to wind loading. We demonstrate that a tree's risk of breaking due to gravity or self-weight decreases with tree height and is much more strongly affected by tree architecture than by material properties. In contrast, wind damage risk increases with tree height despite the larger diameters of tall trees, resulting in a U-shaped curve of mechanical risk with tree height. Our results suggest that the relative rarity of extreme wind speeds in north Borneo may be the reason it is home to the tallest trees in the tropics.