Induction of reaper ortholog mx in mosquito midgut cells following baculovirus infection
Induction of reaper ortholog mx in mosquito midgut cells following baculovirus infection
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DOI：
10.1038/cdd.2011.8
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
12.4
通讯作者：
Zhou, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, B.;Becnel, J. J.;Zhou, L.
许多脊椎动物和昆虫病毒具有抗凋亡基因，这是其感染性所必需的。这导致了这样的假设，即细胞凋亡是一种先天免疫反应，对限制病毒感染很重要。由于缺乏适应性免疫，细胞凋亡在昆虫抗病毒防御中的作用可能特别重要。然而，在昆虫中响应于病毒感染而引起细胞凋亡的细胞机制尚未确定。利用蚊杆状病毒CuniNPV（Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus）的体内感染系统，我们证明了michelob_x（mx）（果蝇促凋亡基因reaper的蚊直系同源物）在病毒感染后的幼虫中肠细胞中被特异性诱导。有趣的是，mx诱导的动力学与感染的结果相对应。在宽容的蚊子C中。在致倦乏毛孢中，MX的缓慢诱导不能诱导迅速的细胞凋亡，并且感染的细胞最终在重负载的包囊病毒下发生坏死。相比之下，在难治性埃及伊蚊中，在30 min p.i.随后在感染后2-6小时内发生凋亡，提示细胞凋亡在限制病毒感染中的可能作用。当凋亡的执行被半胱天冬酶抑制剂延迟时，在A.埃及伊蚊幼虫Cell Death and Differentiation（2011）18，1337-1345; doi：10.1038/cdd.2011.8; 2011年2月18日在线发表
Many vertebrate and insect viruses possess antiapoptotic genes that are required for their infectivity. This led to the hypothesis that apoptosis is an innate immunoresponse important for limiting virus infections. The role of apoptosis may be especially important in insect antiviral defense because of the lack of adaptive immunity. However, the cellular mechanism that elicits apoptosis in response to viral infection in insects has not been determined. Using an in vivo infection system with the mosquito baculovirus CuniNPV (Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus), we demonstrated that michelob_x (mx), the mosquito ortholog of Drosophila proapoptotic gene reaper, is specifically induced in larval midgut cells following viral infection. Interestingly, the dynamics of mx induction corresponds with the outcome of the infection. In the permissive mosquito C. quinquefasciatus, a slow induction of mx failed to induce prompt apoptosis, and the infected cells eventually undergo necrosis with heavy loads of encapsulated viruses. In contrast, in the refractory mosquito Aedes aegypti, a rapid induction of mx within 30 min p.i. is followed by apoptosis within 2-6 h p.i., suggesting a possible role for apoptosis in limiting viral infection. When the execution of apoptosis was delayed by caspase inhibitors, viral gene expression became detectable in the A. aegypti larvae. Cell Death and Differentiation (2011) 18, 1337-1345; doi:10.1038/cdd.2011.8; published online 18 February 2011