Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening
Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening
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DOI：
10.11344/nano.6.63
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发表时间：
2014
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. Komatsu;H. Nishida;T. Sekino;Kazuyo Yamamoto
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文献类型：
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作者：
O. Komatsu;H. Nishida;T. Sekino;Kazuyo Yamamoto
63引言随着临床环境中对美学的认识不断提高，越来越多的患者要求进行牙齿美白和牙齿美白。对牙齿美白的需求也明显增加。然而，在办公室漂白方法中使用高浓度（30-35%）的过氧化氢（H2 O2），这引起了对感觉过敏[1，2]及其对牙齿硬组织和牙周组织[3-7]的不良影响的担忧。为了最大限度地减少这些不良影响，用于白色颜料、化妆品、油漆和食品添加剂的二氧化钛（TiO 2）已被应用于牙齿美白[8-10]。TiO 2价格较低，因为它在自然界中含量丰富，并且对人体安全，因为它具有化学稳定性。用作光催化剂的TiO 2通过光吸收产生的空穴和电子引起强烈的氧化还原反应。TiO 2在作为膜涂覆时变得超亲水。已知在水的存在下，光催化剂的氧化还原能力会产生多种类型的自由基[11]。TiO 2吸收高于带隙能量（约3.1 eV）的光，电子被激发到导带。激发的电子还原氧，产生超氧自由基，如O2 ·。二氧化钛纳米管在牙齿美白中的应用
63 Introduction With a growing awareness of esthetics in clinical settings, an increasing number of patients are requesting orthodontics and tooth whitening. The demands for tooth whitening have also markedly increased. However, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used at a high concentration (30-35%) in the office bleaching method, which raises concerns about hyperesthesia [1, 2] and its adverse effects on dental hard and periodontal tissues [3-7]. To minimize these adverse effects, titanium dioxide (TiO2), used in white pigments, cosmetics, paint, and food additives, has been applied to tooth whitening [8-10]. TiO2 is less expensive because it is abundant in nature, and is safe for the human body because it is chemically stable. TiO2, used as a photocatalyst, causes a strong redox reaction through holes and electrons generated by light absorption. TiO2 becomes super-hydrophilic when coated as a membrane. In the presence of water, multiple types of radicals are known to be generated by the redox power of a photocatalyst [11]. TiO2 absorbs light above band gap energy (approximately 3.1 eV), and electrons are excited to the conduction band. The excited electrons reduce oxygen, generating superoxide radicals, such as O2 •. The holes generated in the valence Application of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes to Tooth Whitening