Analysis of risk trade-off relationships between organic solvents and aqueous agents: case study of metal cleaning processes
Analysis of risk trade-off relationships between organic solvents and aqueous agents: case study of metal cleaning processes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.05.021
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Emi Kikuchi;Yasunori Kikuchi;M. Hirao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emi Kikuchi;Yasunori Kikuchi;M. Hirao
当实施物质替代以降低生产过程的目标风险时，可能会发生抵消风险。本研究的目的是分析在金属清洗过程的案例研究中，有机溶剂和水性试剂之间的风险权衡关系。分别通过生命周期和风险评估对这八种设想方案的全球环境影响和当地风险进行了评估。结果表明，使用氯化溶剂的过程中的贡献，光化学臭氧的产生，人体毒性，臭氧消耗，生态毒性大于使用水性洗涤剂的过程，而水的过程中的富营养化的贡献大于氯化过程。在所有情况下，使用氯化溶剂的清洁场地周围的邻居的健康风险都很小，而由于含水洗涤剂中含有的表面活性剂并排放到当地水生环境中而造成的生态风险应该减少。清洁剂和加工设施的选择应基于对可行和清洁生产的风险权衡关系的综合分析。
When substance substitution is implemented to reduce the target risk of production processes, countervailing risks may occur. The goal of this study is to analyze the risk trade-off relationships between organic solvents and aqueous agents in the case study of metal cleaning processes. Global environmental impacts and local risks were evaluated for the eight scenarios by life cycle and risk assessments, respectively. The results show that the contribution of the processes using chlorinated solvents to photochemical ozone creation, human toxicity, ozone depletion, and ecotoxicity was larger than processes using aqueous detergents, while the contribution of aqueous processes to eutrophication was larger than chlorinated processes. Neighbors’ health risk around a cleaning site using chlorinated solvents was sufficiently small in all scenarios, whereas ecological risk due to surfactants which are contained in aqueous detergents and emitted to the local aquatic environment should be reduced. Cleansing agents and process facilities should be selected on the basis of the comprehensive analysis of risk trade-off relationships for feasible and cleaner production.