Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis
Storm wave runups and sea level variations for the September 2017 Hurricane Maria along the coast of Dominica, eastern Caribbean sea: evidence from field surveys and sea-level data analysis
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DOI：
10.1080/21664250.2018.1546269
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Solana, Carmen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heidarzadeh, Mohammad;Teeuw, Richard;Solana, Carmen
多米尼加和其他几个加勒比岛屿在 2017 年 9 月遭受 5 级飓风玛丽亚的严重破坏。这场飓风造成 68 人死亡或失踪，使玛丽亚成为这个小岛国遭受的最严重的自然灾害。在此，我们报告 2018 年 2 月沿海上升实地调查和验潮仪海平面数据分析的结果。对验潮仪记录的分析显示，加勒比地区玛丽亚潮涌的持续时间在2.1至2.6天之间，多米尼加马里戈特的持续时间为2.1天。马里戈特的浪涌幅度为 75 厘米，这表明浪涌的规模对于 5 级飓风而言较小。现场测量的上升高度为 1.0 至 3.7 m，其中最大上升高度位于多米尼加南端的斯科茨角。测量到的最大上升集中在该岛南半部的西海岸，并向北持续下降。我们将观察到的沿海结构破坏归因于四种机制：浪涌/波浪侵蚀；浪涌/波浪力/冲击；碎片对沿海结构的影响，特别是与飓风玛丽亚相关的河流洪水带入大海的漂浮树木碎片；强烈的沿海沉积作用，包括河流洪水将沉积物带入大海。提出了飓风驱动的损害机制的流程图，其中提供了造成损害的事件的传播序列或级联，并强调了飓风中不同过程之间的相互作用。
Dominica, along with several other Caribbean islands, was severely damaged by category-5 Hurricane Maria in September 2017. The hurricane left 68 people dead or missing, marking Maria as the worst natural catastrophe to hit this small island nation. Here, we report the results of our coastal runup field survey in February 2018 and of tide gauge sea-level data analysis. Analysis of tide gauge records shows that the duration of Maria's surge varied between 2.1 and 2.6 days in the Caribbean region and was 2.1 days at Marigot, Dominica. The surge amplitude was 75 cm in Marigot, which indicates that the size of the surge was small for a category-5 hurricane. The measured field survey runups were from 1.0 to 3.7 m, with the maximum runup at Scotts Head on the southern tip of Dominica. The largest measured runups were concentrated along the west coast of the southern half of the island and consistently decreased northwards. We attribute the observed damage to coastal structures to four mechanisms: surge/wave erosion; surge/wave forces/impacts; debris impacts to coastal structures involving in particular floating tree debris brought to the sea by river floods associated with Hurricane Maria; and intense coastal sedimentation, involving sediment brought to the sea by river floods. A flowchart of the hurricane-driven damage mechanisms is presented which provides the propagating sequence, or cascade, of events that contributed to damage and emphasizes the interactions between different processes in the hurricane.