LANGUAGE POLICIES AND LANGUAGE RIGHTS
LANGUAGE POLICIES AND LANGUAGE RIGHTS
复制标题
语言政策和语言权利
DOI：
10.1146/annurev.anthro.26.1.73
复制
发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
C. B. Paulston
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. B. Paulston
本文对语言权利这一新兴领域进行了综述。它区分了(a)历史/描述性研究，其中语言权利被视为结果变量，而不试图预测结果；(b)劝诫性和基于意识形态的研究，其中语言权利被视为因果变量。下面是在语言规划领域内对其进行定义的尝试。主要问题，如领土与人格原则和个人与集体权利，进行了讨论。本文最后提出了一种观点，认为语言权利是一种主体权利，即特定于文化和语言背景的权利，而不是从普遍权利的角度来考虑语言人权，因为普遍权利夸大了问题，并掩盖了语言权利也是一种反对权利。我们需要仔细探讨语言权利的本质及其后果。
This review is an overview of the newly developing field of language rights. It distinguishes between (a) historical/descriptive studies where language rights are treated as the resultant variable with no attempt to predict consequences, and (b) exhortatory and ideologically based studies in which language rights are considered a causal variable. An attempt at definitions follows, set within the field of language planning. Principal concerns, such as territoriality versus personality principles and individual versus collective rights, are discussed. The review ends with an argument to consider language rights as emic rights, which is to say culture-language-context–specific rights, rather than to consider linguistic human rights from a universal rights perspective which overstates issues and masks rights to as also being rights against. We need a careful exploration of the nature of language rights and their consequences.