Novel surveillance of Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg epidemics in a closed community.
Novel surveillance of Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg epidemics in a closed community.
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DOI：
10.1089/fpd.2007.0025
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发表时间：
2007-09
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Virginia C Vincent;H. Scott;R. Harvey;W. Alali;M. Hume
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Virginia C Vincent;H. Scott;R. Harvey;W. Alali;M. Hume
病原体和疾病监测和控制是高密度和高风险人群的重要公共卫生优先事项，如疗养院、游轮、军事基地、医院和监狱。可报告的疾病调查与症状监测一起被用来在暴发的早期阶段识别和描述暴发的特征。在这项研究中，我们提供了证据，表明在处于危险之中的封闭社区中，可以使用持续的废水监测来补充这些传统方法。2003-2005年间，在德克萨斯州多地点人口的几个不同地理位置，存在着一个系统的和定期计时的人类和农场动物废水采样计划。2003年7月初，由海德堡型肠炎沙门氏菌引起的胃肠炎在人群中暴发。对疫情爆发前、期间和之后几周的废水样本进行了病原体检测。采用选择性培养、分型和分型技术以及实时聚合酶链式反应和脉冲场凝胶电泳法对每个样本中的海德堡沙门氏菌进行检测和鉴定。在疫情爆发之前和之后以及在疫情高峰期，当疫情在宿主人群中传播时，能够检测到疫情的病原体，这表明废水可以用作补充的疾病监测工具。为了进一步探索这种可能性，还使用废水样本调查了随后在其他地点爆发的两起不明原因的胃肠炎。
Pathogen and disease surveillance and control represent important public health priorities in high-density and high-risk populations such as nursing homes, cruise ships, military bases, hospitals, and prisons. Reportable disease investigations, along with syndromic surveillance, have been used to identify and characterize outbreaks in their early stages. In this study, we provide evidence that ongoing wastewater monitoring could be used to supplement these traditional methods in at-risk closed communities. During 2003-2005, a systematic and regularly timed human and farm-animal wastewater sampling scheme existed in several geographically distinct locations of a multisite population in Texas. In early July 2003, an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg occurred in the human population at one site. Wastewater samples from the weeks before, during, and after the outbreak were tested for the pathogen. Selective culture, serogrouping, and serotyping techniques as well as real-time polymerase chain reaction and pulsed field gel electrophoresis were used to detect and characterize the Salmonella Heidelberg in each sample. The ability to detect the causative pathogen of an outbreak while it circulates in the host populations prior to and after an outbreak, as well as during the outbreak peak, suggests that wastewater could be used as a supplemental disease surveillance tool. To further explore this possibility, two subsequent outbreaks of uncharacterized gastroenteritis in additional locations were also investigated using wastewater samples.