One-year brain atrophy evident in healthy aging.
One-year brain atrophy evident in healthy aging.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3252-09.2009
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发表时间：
2009-12-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dale AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fjell AM;Walhovd KB;Fennema-Notestine C;McEvoy LK;Hagler DJ;Holland D;Brewer JB;Dale AM
为了理解认知功能与年龄相关变化的基础，需要对健康衰老过程中大脑的变化进行准确描述。横断面磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明大脑皮层变薄，大多数皮层下结构体积减小以及脑室扩大。然而，缺乏详细的纵向研究来支持横断面研究的结果。在本研究中，对142名健康的老年参与者（60 - 91岁）进行了重复的MRI检查，并与122名轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者进行了比较。测量了整个皮层以及48个感兴趣区域（ROIs）的体积变化。健康老年人仅在一年后皮层就广泛减少，在颞叶和前额叶皮层尤为明显，每年减少约0.5%。除尾状核和第四脑室外，所有皮层下和脑室区域在一年内都有显著变化。一些萎缩发生在易患AD的区域，而其他变化则出现在疾病早期不太典型的区域。这表明这些变化主要不是由与AD相关的退行性过程驱动的，尽管在一些受试者中，尤其是在颞叶，与AD相关的临床前变化可能叠加在正常衰老引起的变化之上。最后，发现萎缩随着年龄的增长而加速，这在易患AD的区域尤为突出。因此，年龄增长导致的萎缩加速可能是由于临床前AD。
An accurate description of changes in the brain in healthy aging is needed to understand the basis of age-related changes in cognitive function. Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest thinning of the cerebral cortex, volumetric reductions of most subcortical structures and ventricular expansion. However, there is a paucity of detailed longitudinal studies to support the cross-sectional findings. In the present study, 142 healthy elderly participants (60–91 years) were followed with repeated MRI, and were compared to 122 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Volume changes were measured across the entire cortex and in 48 regions of interest (ROIs). Cortical reductions in the healthy elderly were extensive after only one year, especially evident in temporal and prefrontal cortex where annual decline was about 0.5%. All subcortical and ventricular regions except caudate nucleus and the 4th ventricle changed significantly over one year. Some of the atrophy occurred in areas vulnerable to AD, while other changes were observed in areas less characteristic of the disease in early stages. This suggests that the changes are not primarily driven by degenerative processes associated with AD, although it is likely that preclinical changes associated with AD are superposed on changes due to normal aging in some subjects, especially in the temporal lobes. Finally, atrophy was found to accelerate with increasing age, and this was especially prominent in areas vulnerable to AD. Thus, it is possible that the accelerating atrophy with increasing age is due to preclinical AD.