A glycolytic shift in Schwann cells supports injured axons.

A glycolytic shift in Schwann cells supports injured axons.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41593-020-0689-4
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发表时间:
2020-10
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Beirowski B
Beirowski B
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Babetto E;Wong KM;Beirowski B

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轴突变性是许多神经退行性疾病的标志。目前的假设是,受损轴突退化的决定是细胞自主调节的。在这里,我们表明,雪旺细胞(SC),周围神经系统的胶质细胞,保护损伤的轴突凭借一个戏剧性的糖酵解上调,出现在SC作为一个固有的适应轴突损伤。这种糖酵解反应与增强的轴突-神经胶质代谢偶联配对,支持轴突存活。SC中的糖酵解转变在很大程度上是由代谢信号中枢、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1(mTORC 1)和下游转录因子Hif 1 α和c-Myc驱动的,它们共同促进糖酵解基因表达。通过这一途径对神经胶质细胞糖酵解活性的操纵使我们能够加速或延迟急性和亚急性啮齿动物轴突变性模型中扰动轴突的变性。因此,我们证明了一个非细胞自主的代谢机制,控制受伤的轴突的命运。
Axon degeneration is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders. The current assumption is that the decision of injured axons to degenerate is cell-autonomously regulated. Here we show that Schwann cells (SCs), the glia of the peripheral nervous system, protect injured axons by virtue of a dramatic glycolytic upregulation that arises in SCs as an inherent adaptation to axon injury. This glycolytic response, paired with enhanced axon-glia metabolic coupling, supports axon survival. The glycolytic shift in SCs is largely driven by the metabolic signaling hub, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and the downstream transcription factors, Hif1α and c-Myc, which together promote glycolytic gene expression. The manipulation of glial glycolytic activity through this pathway enabled us to accelerate or delay the degeneration of perturbed axons in acute and subacute rodent axon degeneration models. Thus, we demonstrate a non-cell-autonomous metabolic mechanism that controls the fate of injured axons.
DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0269-3
发表时间: 2020-04
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通讯作者: Höke A
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