Technology and Territorial Change in Conflict Settings: Migration Control in the Aegean Sea
Technology and Territorial Change in Conflict Settings: Migration Control in the Aegean Sea
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冲突环境中的技术和领土变化：爱琴海的移民控制
DOI：
10.1093/isq/sqab046
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Beste İşleyen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beste İşleyen
如果国家利益和国际规范没有发生根本性的转变，那么在冲突环境中如何发生领土变化？此处，领土变更被理解为在没有主权转移和/或有争议领土现有地位转变的情况下，非冲突的领土愿景、行动和互动的展开。本文通过研究土耳其沿海雷达技术作为爱琴海不断发展的边境安全基础设施来解决冲突环境中的领土变化问题。土耳其的雷达技术涉及远程控制无人站、移动车辆和无人机，从而导致领土变化。技术不仅仅是促进或限制领土参与，而是通过将领土转变为非冲突国家来积极地创造领土。领土的改变是通过以技术为条件并在功能上依赖于技术的安全重新调整来实现的。雷达技术以不同于针对另一个主权国家的传统外部导向框架的方式调解爱琴海安全。然而，雷达技术远未摆脱军事化，反而产生了非正常移民，成为军事化边境安全的新指涉，同时使民间行为体脱颖而出。随着技术改变领土视野的方向性，将“观看”转变为“可视化”，并使新型主权暴力成为可能，领土变化就会具体化。
How does territorial change occur in conflict settings without a radical transformation of state interests and international norms? Territorial change is understood here as the unfolding of nonconflictual territorial visions, actions, and interactions in the absence of sovereignty transfer and/or transformation of the existing status of a disputed territory. This article addresses the question of territorial change in conflict settings by examining Turkey's coastal radar technology as an evolving border security infrastructure in the Aegean Sea. Entailing remotely controlled unmanned stations, mobile vehicles, and drones, Turkey's radar technology generates territorial change. Rather than merely enabling or constraining territorial engagement, technology actively produces territory by transforming it into a nonconflictual state. The altering of territory is achieved by the realignment of security conditioned by and functionally dependent on technology. Radar technology mediates Aegean security in ways that are different from its conventional external-oriented framework targeting another sovereign state. Yet, far from moving away from militarization, radar technology produces irregular migration as a new referent of militarized border security, while simultaneously bringing civilian actors to the fore. Territorial change materializes as technology alters the directionality of territorial vision, transforms “seeing” into “visualization,” and makes possible new types of sovereign violence.