Implementing and Sustaining Effective Alcohol-Related Policies at the Local Level: Evidence, Challenges, and Next Steps
Implementing and Sustaining Effective Alcohol-Related Policies at the Local Level: Evidence, Challenges, and Next Steps
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DOI：
10.1002/wmh3.98
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Quadri, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Giesbrecht, Norman;Bosma, Linda M.;Quadri, Maria
与酒精有关的问题在地方一级最为直接。在评估地方酒精政策和预防战略方面取得了重大进展。本文借鉴现有的研究机构来回答三个问题：什么是已知的有效的地方干预和政策？地方酒精行动面临的主要挑战是什么，如何应对这些挑战？如何使地方对酒精的行动持续下去？本文回顾了评估当地的酒精干预措施和政策，重点是几个国家，这些举措进行了评估：例如，澳大利亚，加拿大，芬兰，新西兰，挪威，瑞典和美国。报告总结了与社区倡议有关的积极成果，并确定了成功的地方行动的特点。虽然目前的研究发现地方酒精干预措施和政策取得了一些积极成果，但这项工作仍然存在一些挑战;这些挑战包括为地方行动提供充分的培训、资源和工具;建立地方资源流和联盟以维持专门知识;保持对监测和评估政策效果的长期承诺;并解决酒精政策工作中社区利益相关者的既得利益。从目前工作的调查结果和挑战中吸取了经验教训，并为今后以社区为基础的酒精预防举措提出了建议。
Alcohol-related problems are experienced most directly at the local level. There have been significant strides in evaluating locally based alcohol policies and prevention strategies. This article draws from this existing body of research to answer three questions: What is known about effective local interventions and policies? What are the main challenges facing local action on alcohol and how can those challenges be addressed? How can local action on alcohol be sustained? This article reviews evaluated local alcohol interventions and policies, focusing on several countries where these initiatives have been evaluated: for example, Australia, Canada, Finland, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, and the United States. The positive outcomes associated with community-based initiatives are summarized and features of successful local action are identified. Although current research finds a number of positive outcomes of local alcohol interventions and policies, a number of challenges of this work remain; these challenges include providing adequate training, resources, and tools for local action; building local resource streams and coalitions to sustain expertise; sustaining long-term commitment to monitor and evaluate the effects of policies; and addressing the vested interests of community stakeholders in alcohol policy efforts. Lessons learned and recommendations for future community-based alcohol prevention initiatives are drawn from the findings and challenges of current work.