The wisdom hierarchy: representations of the DIKW hierarchy
The wisdom hierarchy: representations of the DIKW hierarchy
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DOI：
10.1177/0165551506070706
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rowley, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rowley, Jennifer
本文回顾了数据-信息-知识-智慧（DIKW）的层次结构，考察了许多广泛阅读的教科书中的层次结构，并分析了它们对数据、信息、知识和智慧的本质的陈述。层次结构被称为“知识层次”、“信息层次”和“知识金字塔”，是信息和知识文献中最基本的、被广泛认可和“理所当然”的模型之一。在信息管理、信息系统和知识管理文献中，数据、信息和知识的定义中经常引用或隐含地使用它，但对层次结构的直接讨论有限。在重新审视Ackoff对层次结构的原始阐述之后，我们将回顾和评估最新信息系统和知识管理教科书中所阐述的数据、信息、知识和智慧的定义，以期在定义和转换过程上达成共识。这一过程揭示了对这些定义的认同和不同意见的程度，并为讨论这些表述是否充分区分了数据、信息和知识提供了基础。通常，信息是根据数据定义的，知识是根据信息定义的，智慧是根据知识定义的，但是在将层次结构中较低的元素转换为高于它们的元素的过程的描述中，共识较少，导致定义缺乏清晰度。此外，这些经文中对智慧的提及也很有限。
This paper revisits the data-information-knowledge-wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy by examining the articulation of the hierarchy in a number of widely read textbooks, and analysing their statements about the nature of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. The hierarchy referred to variously as the 'Knowledge Hierarchy', the 'Information Hierarchy' and the 'Knowledge Pyramid' is one of the fundamental, widely recognized and 'taken-for-granted' models in the information and knowledge literatures. It is often quoted, or used implicitly, in definitions of data, information and knowledge in the information management, information systems and knowledge management literatures, but there has been limited direct discussion of the hierarchy. After revisiting Ackoff's original articulation of the hierarchy, definitions of data, information, knowledge and wisdom as articulated in recent textbooks in information systems and knowledge management are reviewed and assessed, in pursuit of a consensus on definitions and transformation processes. This process brings to the surface the extent of agreement and dissent in relation to these definitions, and provides a basis for a discussion as to whether these articulations present an adequate distinction between data, information, and knowledge. Typically information is defined in terms of data, knowledge in terms of information, and wisdom in terms of knowledge, but there is less consensus in the description of the processes that transform elements lower in the hierarchy into those above them, leading to a lack of definitional clarity. In addition, there is limited reference to wisdom in these texts.