Differential response of human lung epithelial cells to particulate matter in fresh and photochemically aged biomass-burning smoke
Differential response of human lung epithelial cells to particulate matter in fresh and photochemically aged biomass-burning smoke
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118929
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发表时间：
2022-02-10
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Saleh, Rawad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Atwi, Khairallah;Wilson, Sarah N.;Saleh, Rawad
生物质燃烧烟雾中的颗粒物（PM）的化学成分随着大气中的老化而演变。这种演变对燃烧生物质的PM的毒性的影响尚未得到充分研究。在这里，我们在一个环境室里燃烧了橡树叶、松针和山胡桃树枝。我们利用紫外线辐射启动了导致二次有机气溶胶（SOA）产生的排放物的光化学老化，使用在线粒径分布测量进行了量化，并使用超高分辨率电喷雾电离质谱法获得了PM氧化的总体增加和芳香和凝聚芳香结构的相对丰度的减少。体外暴露于山核桃燃烧产生的PM的人肺上皮细胞导致代谢活性下降最明显，其次是松树和橡树，这与三种燃料中PM的重金属含量有关，使用诱导耦合等离子体质谱法进行量化。此外，暴露于新鲜PM比老化PM对所有燃料的代谢活性降低更多，而老化PM通过凋亡诱导更多的细胞死亡。细胞对新鲜PM和老化PM的不同反应表明，与光化学老化相关的氧化性增加和芳香性降低改变了PM的毒性机制，可能是由于SOA形成而降低了重金属含量（克/克PM）。总之，这些发现突出了光化学老化对生物质燃烧PM毒性的复杂影响，并激发了进一步的研究，以阐明新鲜和老化PM之间毒性机制的潜在差异。
The chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) in biomass-burning smoke evolves upon aging in the atmosphere. The effect of this evolution on the toxicity of biomass-burning PM is understudied. Here, we burned oak foliage, pine needles, and hickory twigs in an environmental chamber. We used UV radiation to initiate photochemical aging of the emissions leading to the production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), quantified using online particle size distribution measurements, and an overall increase in the PM oxygenation and decrease in the relative abundance of aromatic and condensed aromatic structures, obtained using ultra-high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. In vitro exposure of human lung epithelial cells to PM from hickory combustion led to the strongest reduction in metabolic activity, followed by pine and oak, which was associated with the heavy metal content of the PM from the three fuels, quantified using induction-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Furthermore, exposure to the fresh PM led to more reduction in metabolic activity than the aged PM for all fuels, whereas the aged PM induced more cell death by apoptosis. The differential cellular response to the fresh and aged PM indicates that the increase in oxygenation and decrease in aromaticity associated with photochemical aging alters the toxicity mechanisms exhibited by the PM, with a possible role of decreasing the heavy metal content (gram-metals per gram-PM) due to SOA formation. Together, these findings highlight the complex effect of photochemical aging on biomass-burning PM toxicity and motivate further studies to elucidate the underlying differences in toxicity mechanisms between fresh and aged PM.