Women's violence to men in intimate relationships - Working on a puzzle
Women's violence to men in intimate relationships - Working on a puzzle
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DOI：
10.1093/crimin/azh026
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Dobash, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dobash, RP;Dobash, RE
长期以来，研究人员对亲密伴侣暴力性质的不同看法一直是大众和学术争论的主题。研究结果相互矛盾，并指向两个方向，一些研究表明，女性与男性一样有可能对亲密伴侣实施暴力（对称），另一些研究表明，绝大多数是男性对女性伴侣实施暴力（不对称）。关于谁实施亲密伴侣暴力的谜团不仅涉及研究人员，还涉及政策制定者和社区倡导者，他们以不同的方式与这个问题的答案利害攸关，因为它决定了公众关注的焦点、立法、公共政策以及对受害者和犯罪者的干预措施。谁是最常见的受害者和施暴者的问题在很大程度上取决于“什么算作”暴力。正是在这里，我们开始尝试解开这个谜题，通过关注概念的形成、定义、测量形式、背景、后果和提出主张的方法，以便更好地理解研究人员是如何得出这些明显矛盾的发现和主张的。问题还在于对妇女暴力的性质、程度和后果有更详细的了解，以便考虑这些相互矛盾的调查结果的真实性。迄今为止，关于妇女对男性伴侣的暴力行为的深入研究很少，如果没有这些知识，就很难甚至不可能考虑这场辩论。我们对 95 对夫妇进行了 190 次访谈，提供了定量和定性的结果，其中男性和女性分别报告了自己和伴侣的暴力行为。比较男性和女性的暴力行为。研究结果表明，亲密伴侣暴力主要是男性对女性施暴的不对称问题，女性施暴的频率、严重程度、后果以及受害者的安全感和幸福感并不等同于男性。但为什么要担心研究结果中明显的矛盾呢？对于那些制定和执行政策以及花费公共和私人资源的人来说，这个问题本质上的明显矛盾对于为受害者和肇事者可能采取的行动产生了真正的影响。在世界范围内，立法者、政策制定者和倡导者已经制定了应对措施，认为这一问题主要是男性对女性的暴力行为，这些调查结果为此类努力提供了支持，并表明当前公共政策和支出的总体方向是适当的。
Different notions among researchers about the nature of intimate partner violence have long been the subjects of popular and academic debate. Research findings are contradictory and point in two directions, with some revealing that women are as likely as men to perpetrate violence against an intimate partner (symmetry) and others showing that it is overwhelmingly men who perpetrate violence against women partners (asymmetry). The puzzle about who perpetrates intimate partner violence not only concerns researchers but also policy makers and community advocates who, in differing ways, have a stake in the answer to this question, since it shapes the focus of public concern, legislation, public policy and interventions for victims and offenders. The question of who are the most usual victims and perpetrators rests, to a large extent, on 'what counts' as violence. It is here that we begin to try to unravel the puzzle, by focusing on concept formation, definitions, forms of measurement, context, consequences and approaches to claim-making, in order better to understand how researchers have arrived at such apparently contradictory findings and claims. The question also turns on having more detailed knowledge about the nature, extent and consequences of women's violence, in order to consider the veracity of these contradictory findings. To date, there has been very little in-depth research about women's violence to male partners and it is difficult, if not impossible, to consider this debate without such knowledge. We present quantitative and qualitative findings from 190 interviews with 95 couples in which men and women reported separately upon their own violence and upon that of their partner. Men's and women's violence are compared. The findings suggest that intimate partner violence is primarily an asymmetrical problem of men's violence to women, and women's violence does not equate to men's in terms of frequency, severity, consequences and the victim's sense of safety and well-being. But why bother about the apparent contradictions in findings of research? For those making and implementing policies and expending public and private resources, the apparent contradiction about the very nature of this problem has real consequences for what might be done for those who are its victims and those who are its perpetrators. Worldwide, legislators, policy makers and advocates have developed responses that conceive of the problem as primarily one of men's violence to women, and these findings provide support for such efforts and suggest that the current general irection of public policy and expenditure is appropriate.