The effects of after-school training of different sports events on the physical fitness of adolescents and its comparative analysis.
The effects of after-school training of different sports events on the physical fitness of adolescents and its comparative analysis.
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DOI：
10.4236/ape.2021.113027
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kwok, Alex Pak Ki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Yan-an;Kwok, Alex Pak Ki
本研究旨在探讨不同运动干预对青少年体质的影响。120名青少年从一所大学招募（60名男性和60名女性），并随机分为四个相等的组。实验组（第1组、第2组和第3组）每周接受三次1.5小时的中等强度运动干预。唯一不同的是，第一组是网球，第二组是篮球，第三组是体操。另一方面，第4组作为对照组，不接受任何干预。干预前后分别对4组受试者进行《国家学生体质健康标准（2014年修订）》项目测试。采用单因素方差分析对试验结果进行分析。自变量为运动性质，因变量为干预前后测量值的差异。结果发现：（1）实验组各项测试指标均优于对照组;（2）篮球组肺功能的改善明显优于网球组和体操组;（3）体操组坐位前弯曲的改善明显优于网球组和篮球组;（4）网球组的1分钟仰卧起坐成绩显著高于篮球组和体操组。本研究发现，课余训练对青少年身体素质有促进作用。网球训练可以显著提高一分钟仰卧起坐的成绩。篮球训练能显著提高肺活量。体操训练能显著提高坐位体前弯曲成绩。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of various sports interventions on adolescents' physical fitness. One hundred twenty adolescents were recruited from a college (60 males and 60 females) and were randomly divided into four equal groups. The experimental groups (Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3) each received 1.5 hours of medium-intensity sport interventions three times a week. The only difference among them was that Group 1 did tennis, Group 2 did basketball, and Group 3 did gymnastics. Group 4, on the other hand, served as a control group, receiving no intervention. Subjects in each of the four groups were tested before and after the intervention using the National Physical Fitness Standards for Students (2014 Revision) items. The test results were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. The independent variable was the sport natures, whereas the dependent variable was the difference between pre and post-intervention measurements. It was found that (1) the experimental groups outperformed the control group on all test indicators; (2) The basketball group improved significantly more than the tennis and gymnastics groups in terms of spirometry performance; (3) The gymnastics group improved significantly more than the tennis and basketball groups in terms of sitting forward bend; (4) The tennis group improved significantly more than the basketball and gymnastics groups in one-minute sit-up performance. To conclude, this study found that after-school training could promote adolescents' physical fitness. In detail, tennis training can significantly improve one-minute sit-up performance. Basketball training can significantly improve vital capacity. Gymnastic training can significantly enhance the sitting forward bend performance.