A Review: Competence, Compromise, and Concomitance—Reaction of the Host Cell To Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Development
A Review: Competence, Compromise, and Concomitance—Reaction of the Host Cell To Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Development
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DOI：
10.1645/ge-2712.1
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发表时间：
2011-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hong-Juan Peng;Xiao-Guang Chen;D. Lindsay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hong-Juan Peng;Xiao-Guang Chen;D. Lindsay
摘要：弓形虫是一种重要的人畜共患寄生虫，广泛分布于世界各地。它感染了世界上大约三分之一的人口，导致免疫抑制的个人、胎儿和婴儿患上严重疾病。弓形虫在宿主细胞内的生物学包括几个重要阶段：(1)主动入侵并在宿主细胞内建立非融合寄生虫性空泡，(2)广泛修饰寄生液泡膜以获取营养，(3)内源性细胞内增殖，(4)新宿主细胞的外流和入侵，(5)从速殖子到缓殖体的转变和慢性感染的建立。在这些过程中，弓形虫通过调节宿主细胞的形态、生理、免疫、遗传和细胞生物学方面来调节宿主细胞。总体而言，弓形虫与宿主细胞相互作用的感染/发育倾向超过了感染抗性方面。在入侵和发育时，宿主细胞被调节，以在促进和消除感染之间保持微妙的平衡。
abstract: Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic parasite with a worldwide distribution. It infects about one-third of the world's population, causing serious illness in immunosuppressed individuals, fetuses, and infants. Toxoplasma gondii biology within the host cell includes several important phases: (1) active invasion and establishment of a nonfusogenic parasitophorous vacuole in the host cell, (2) extensive modification of the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane for nutrient acquisition, (3) intracellular proliferation by endodyogeny, (4) egress and invasion of new host cells, and (5) stage conversion from tachyzoite to bradyzoite and establishment of chronic infection. During these processes, T. gondii regulates the host cell by modulating morphological, physiological, immunological, genetic, and cellular biological aspects of the host cell. Overall, the infection/development predispositions of T. gondii–host cell interactions overtakes the infection resistance aspects. Upon invasion and development, host cells are modulated to keep a delicate balance between facilitating and eliminating the infection.