Differential effects of modafinil on performance of low-performing and high-performing individuals during total sleep deprivation
Differential effects of modafinil on performance of low-performing and high-performing individuals during total sleep deprivation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172968
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Stephenson, Henry G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caldwell, J. Lynn;Schroeder, Valarie M.;Stephenson, Henry G.
背景：个人对睡眠不足影响的反应已有详细记录；有些人比其他人更容易受到睡眠不足的影响。容易疲劳的人通常需要采取有效的疲劳对策；然而，问题是这些易疲劳的个体是否能获得团体功效数据中显示的相同益处。本研究对个体服用莫达非尼，以确定其对睡眠剥夺期间表现最好和表现最差的人的不同影响。方法：对 22 名年龄在 21-40 岁的男性样本进行了 2 次测试，期间他们保持清醒 36 小时。在一段时间内，他们接受了 200 毫克莫达非尼；在另一段时间里，他们接受了安慰剂。参与者在休息时接受了各种任务的测试，并且在连续清醒期间每隔 5 小时进行一次测试。每项认知任务的表现和安慰剂期的疲劳主观测量用于将个体分为高表现 (HP) 或低表现 (LP) 组，以表明每项任务的疲劳脆弱性。 结果：结果表明，在 MTS 任务中，HP 组在整个测试期间表现相同，无论他们是否接受莫达非尼。然而，与安慰剂相比，LP 组在接受莫达非尼治疗后明显改善。 PVT 表现显示，与安慰剂相比，HP 组在接受莫达非尼治疗后，失误次数略有减少，而 LP 组在接受莫达非尼治疗后，与安慰剂相比，失误次数大幅减少。无论药物状况如何，RDM 的表现显示组间没有差异。接受莫达非尼后，各组在 POMS 测量的主观疲劳方面没有差异。结论：根据任务的不同，与安慰剂相比，HP 个体在服用莫达非尼时并没有显着受益。然而，与安慰剂相比，LP 个体在接受莫达非尼治疗后有所改善。
Background: Individual responses to the effects of inadequate sleep have been well documented; some people are more vulnerable to the effects of sleep loss than others. Fatigue-vulnerable individuals generally require access to effective fatigue countermeasures; however, the question arises as to whether these fatigue-vulnerable individuals receive the same benefits shown in group efficacy data. The present study administered modafinil to individuals to determine its differential effects on performance of best and worst performers during sleep deprivation.Methods: A sample of 22 men, age 21-40 yrs., was tested on 2 separate occasions during which they were kept awake for 36 h. During one period they received 200 mg modafinil; during the other they received placebo. Participants were tested on a variety of tasks while rested and at 5-hr intervals across the continuous wakefulness period. Performance for each cognitive task and subjective measure of fatigue from the placebo period was used to group individuals into high (HP) or low performance (LP) groups to indicate fatigue vulnerability for each task.Results: Results indicated that on the MTS task, the HP group performed the same throughout the testing period, regardless of whether they received modafinil or not. However, the LP group significantly improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the PVT showed the HP group had a small decrease in the number of lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo, whereas the LP group had a large decrease in lapses after receiving modafinil compared to placebo. Performance on the RDM showed no difference between groups, regardless of drug condition. Groups did not differ after receiving modafinil on subjective fatigue measured by the POMS.Conclusions: Depending on the task, HP individuals did not benefit substantially when administered modafinil compared to placebo. However, the LP individuals improved after receiving modafinil compared to placebo.