Characteristics of drowning by different age groups
Characteristics of drowning by different age groups
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DOI：
10.1136/ip.9.2.163
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cummings, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quan, L;Cummings, P
背景：虽然众所周知，意外溺水的风险随年龄而变化，但溺水事件的特征随年龄变化的方式尚未得到很好的描述。目的：描述溺水的年龄特征。设计：从死亡证明、法医、院前、急诊科和医院记录中获得溺水受害者和他们的溺水事件的特征的回顾。背景：华盛顿州西部的三个县。研究对象：研究区域内在1980-1995年间死于意外溺水的居民(n=709)。结果：估计并比较了6个年龄组的年龄特定的计数、比例和每百万人年的比率。结果：不同年龄组的死亡率：0-4(30.5)，5-14(11.6)，15-19岁(29.9岁)，20-34岁(21.5岁)，35-(12.5岁)，65岁或以上(21.2岁)。在这0-4年中，在游泳池、浴缸和公开水域溺水的比例几乎相等。但从5岁到，超过69%的死亡是在公开水域中。在65岁及以上的人中，浴缸和露天水域的死亡人数几乎平均分配；浴缸溺水率在这个年龄段最高，为10.9。溺水前的活动分为划船、游泳、乘车、洗澡，并在做其他事情时坠入水中。0~4岁儿童多数(/89，76%)在洗澡或落水后溺水身亡。在15~19岁的人群中，游泳(24/79，34%)或划船(22/79，31%)发病居多。溺水事件以0~4岁最少(10/36，28%)，15~19岁最多(44/58，76%)。0~4岁(70/89，79%)和65岁以上(11/86，13%)的溺水病例以院前、急诊科或医院的医疗救护最多。不同的年龄段可能需要不同的预防策略。
Context: While it is known that the risk of unintentional drowning varies with age, the manner in which drowning episode characteristics vary by age has not been well described. Such information might be useful for prevention.Objective: To describe characteristics of drowning by age group.Design: Retrospective review of the characteristics of drowning victims and their drowning incidents obtained from death certificates, medical examiner, pre-hospital, emergency department, and hospital records.Setting: Three counties in Western Washington state.Subjects: Residents who died (n=709) of unintentional drowning within the study region during 1980 through 1995.Outcomes: Age specific counts, proportions, and rates per million person years were estimated for and compared among six age groups.Results: Rates varied by age group: 0-4 (30.5), 5-14 (11.6), 15-19 (29.9), 20-34 (21.5), 35-64 (12.5), and 65 years or older (21.2). Among those 0-4 years, the proportions that drowned in pools, bathtubs, and open water were nearly equal. But from age 5-64 years, over 69% of deaths were in open water. Among those 65 years and older, the deaths were almost evenly divided between bathtub and open water; bathtub drowning rates were highest in this age group, 10.9. Pre-drowning activities were divided into boating, swimming, car passenger, bathing, and fell in while doing something else. Most (64/89, 76%) victims aged 0-4 years drowned while bathing or after falling in. Among those 15-19 years, most occurred while swimming (24/79, 34%) or boating (22/79, 31%). The drowning event was least often witnessed among those 0-4 years (10/36, 28%), and most often witnessed (44/58, 76%) among those 15-19 years. Medical care (pre- hospital, emergency department, or hospital) was most often involved in drownings of those 0-4 years (70/89, 79%) and least among those over 65 years (11/86, 13%).Conclusion: The characteristics of drowning episodes vary greatly by age. Different prevention strategies may be needed for different age groups.