Evolution of root-specific carotenoid precursor pathways for apocarotenoid signal biogenesis.
Evolution of root-specific carotenoid precursor pathways for apocarotenoid signal biogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.017
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Walter;R. Stauder;A. Tissier
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Walter;R. Stauder;A. Tissier
C40类胡萝卜素底物的各种裂解产物优先或排他地在根中形成。在包括丛枝菌根真菌侵染在内的环境胁迫反应中，在根中诱导差异诱导的非胡萝卜素类信号或调控化合物包括脱落酸、三丁内酯和C13α-ION/C14菌根素衍生物。根中类胡萝卜素的低水平提出了一个问题，即是否存在与默认的类胡萝卜素途径不同的调节前体供应，进入类胡萝卜素的形成。这篇综述描述了类胡萝卜素形成途径的根特有的同源成分，突出了一个新的PSY3类双子叶植物烯合成酶基因。它明显不同于与ABA形成共同调控的单子叶PSY3类。至少有两个DicotPSY3成员受营养胁迫和菌丝化的调控。这个新发现的DicotPSY3(dPSY3vs.mPSY3来自单子叶植物)可能代表了植物植烯合成酶家族进化的一个祖先分支。将PSY3基因的进化历史与菌根中编码1-脱氧-d-木糖5-磷酸合成酶(DXS)的MEP途径同源基因的进化进行了比较，特别是DXS2，它与DPSY3共同调控。根胡萝卜素合成中限速步骤的这种胁迫诱导亚型可能是致力于类胡萝卜素而不是类胡萝卜素形成的多酶复合体的组成部分。
Various cleavage products of C40carotenoid substrates are formed preferentially or exclusively in roots. Such apocarotenoid signaling or regulatory compounds differentially induced in roots during environmental stress responses including root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include ABA, strigolactones and C13α-ionol/C14mycorradicin derivatives. The low carotenoid levels in roots raise the question of whether there is a regulated precursor supply channeled into apocarotenoid formation distinct from default carotenoid pathways. This review describes root-specific isogene components of carotenoid pathways toward apocarotenoid formation, highlighting a newPSY3class of phytoene synthase genes in dicots. It is clearly distinct from the monocotPSY3class co-regulated with ABA formation. At least two members of the exclusive dicotPSY3sare regulated by nutrient stress and mycorrhization. This newly recognized dicotPSY3(dPSY3vs.mPSY3from monocots) class probably represents an ancestral branch in the evolution of the plant phytoene synthase family. The evolutionary history ofPSYgenes is compared with the evolution of MEP pathway isogenes encoding 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthases (DXS), particularlyDXS2, which is co-regulated withdPSY3sin mycorrhizal roots. Such stress-inducible isoforms for rate-limiting steps in root carotenogenesis might be components of multi-enzyme complexes committed to apocarotenoid rather than to carotenoid formation.