Reputation-like inference in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)
Reputation-like inference in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-010-0362-5
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Coshun, Ariel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kundey, Shannon M. A.;De Los Reyes, Andres;Coshun, Ariel
人类经常与陌生人互动，而不是事先对他们的行为有直接经验。一些人猜测，这可能有利于类人族支系中认知系统的进化，或者可能是灵长类动物根据第三方交换分配声誉的秩序。然而，非灵长类物种从有经验的个体那里获得技能，对交流线索的关注，以及推断社会规则的倾向表明，声誉推理可能更广泛。我们利用狗对人类社交和交流线索的敏感性来探索狗是否通过第三方互动为陌生人证明了类似声誉的推理。结果表明，狗通过间接交流自发地对陌生人表现出类似声誉的推理。进一步的操作显示，狗继续证明这种能力，尽管观察到的互动的特定成分减少，包括视觉社交线索(即互动参与者之间的面对面接触)和接受者的性质(即活的、有生命的代理人与活的、无生命的自我推进代理人)。当局部增强受到控制并处于乞讨范式中时，狗也继续表现出类似声誉的推理。然而，当观察到的互动是无意的时，狗并没有证据证明声誉类推理。
Humans frequently interact with strangers absent prior direct experience with their behavior. Some conjecture that this may have favored evolution of a cognitive system within the hominoid clade or perhaps the primate order to assign reputations based on third-party exchanges. However, non-primate species' acquisition of skills from experienced individuals, attention to communicative cues, and propensity to infer social rules suggests reputation inference may be more widespread. We utilized dogs' sensitivity to humans' social and communicative cues to explore whether dogs evidenced reputation-like inference for strangers through third-party interactions. Results indicated dogs spontaneously show reputation-like inference for strangers from indirect exchanges. Further manipulations revealed that dogs continued to evidence this ability despite reduction of specific components of the observed interactions, including reduction of visual social cues (i.e., face-to-face contact between the participants in the interaction) and the nature of the recipient (i.e., living, animate agent versus living, inanimate self-propelled agent). Dogs also continued to demonstrate reputation-like inference when local enhancement was controlled and in a begging paradigm. However, dogs did not evidence reputation-like inference when the observed interaction was inadvertent.