Historical biome distribution and recent human disturbance shape the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Historical biome distribution and recent human disturbance shape the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.14695
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发表时间：
2017-10
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通讯作者：
M. Pärtel;M. Öpik;M. Moora;L. Tedersoo;R. Szava-Kovats;S. Rosendahl;M. Rillig;Y. Lekberg;H. Kreft
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作者：
M. Pärtel;M. Öpik;M. Moora;L. Tedersoo;R. Szava-Kovats;S. Rosendahl;M. Rillig;Y. Lekberg;H. Kreft
使用标准化元条形码技术收集的全球微生物多样性数据的可用性，使微生物成为调查区域和地方因素在推动生物多样性方面的作用的有前途的模型。在这里，我们模拟了全球多样性的共生丛枝菌根（AM）真菌利用目前可用的数据AM真菌分子多样性（小亚基（SSU）核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因序列）在现场样品。为了区分区域和当地的影响，我们估计物种池（套潜在的合适的类群）为每个网站，预计反映区域进程。然后，我们计算了社区完整性，一个指数显示的分数的物种池，这是预计反映当地的进程。我们发现了显着的空间变化，在全球范围内的物种池的大小，以及在本地和黑暗的多样性（缺乏成员的物种池）。物种池的规模较大，靠近地区的热带草原在最后一次冰期最大，这是可能的多样化中心。在高度荒野（远离人类干扰）的地区，群落的完整性更大。当地的多样性与荒野和目前的连接山区草原。将物种库概念应用于共生真菌有助于更好地理解生物多样性如何通过大规模的历史过程和最近的人类干扰共同塑造。
The availability of global microbial diversity data, collected using standardized metabarcoding techniques, makes microorganisms promising models for investigating the role of regional and local factors in driving biodiversity. Here we modelled the global diversity of symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi using currently available data on AM fungal molecular diversity (small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences) in field samples. To differentiate between regional and local effects, we estimated species pools (sets of potentially suitable taxa) for each site, which are expected to reflect regional processes. We then calculated community completeness, an index showing the fraction of the species pool present, which is expected to reflect local processes. We found significant spatial variation, globally in species pool size, as well as in local and dark diversity (absent members of the species pool). Species pool size was larger close to areas containing tropical grasslands during the last glacial maximum, which are possible centres of diversification. Community completeness was greater in regions of high wilderness (remoteness from human disturbance). Local diversity was correlated with wilderness and current connectivity to mountain grasslands. Applying the species pool concept to symbiotic fungi facilitated a better understanding of how biodiversity can be jointly shaped by large-scale historical processes and recent human disturbance.