Work factors as predictors of smoking relapse in nurses' aides
Work factors as predictors of smoking relapse in nurses' aides
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DOI：
10.1007/s00420-005-0048-5
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Eriksen, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eriksen, W
目的：护理助理（助理护士）吸烟率较高。许多吸烟者试图戒烟，但其中很大一部分在一段时间后又复发了。摘要本研究旨在探讨工作因素对护理员复吸之影响。方法：1373名挪威护士助理（1999年完成问卷时为戒烟者，目前不吸烟，未休假）中，1203名（87.6%）在15个月后填写了第二份问卷。广泛的生理、心理、社会和组织工作因素在基线时通过有效的问卷进行评估。在随访中报告每天至少抽一支烟的应答者被认为恢复了日常吸烟（复发）。结果：调整背景因素后，工作单位社会氛围（包含支持、信任、放松3项指标）和遭受威胁、暴力的频率是唯一与复发发生相关的工作因素。在logistic回归分析中，在工作中频繁暴露于威胁和暴力(优势比(OR)=2.08；95%可信区间（CI）： 1.01-4.29)和社会气候指数最低的五分位数（OR=2.12; CI: 1.03-4.36）在调整了年龄、性别、婚姻状况和是否有学龄前儿童等因素后，与吸烟复发风险增加相关。结论：工作单位社会氛围差、工作中经常遭受威胁和暴力可能是护理人员吸烟复吸的预测因素。卫生服务部门的领导必须更加重视在工作单位中创造一种支持、轻松和信任的社会氛围。同样重要的是，实施针对暴力患者的保护措施，职业卫生官员应为暴力受害者提供适当的支持或治疗。
Objectives: The prevalence of tobacco smoking in nurses' aides (assistant nurses) is high. Many smokers make attempts to stop smoking, but a large portion of these relapse after some period of time. The objective of this study was to identify work factors that predict smoking relapse in nurses' aides. Methods: Of 1,373 Norwegian nurses' aides-who were former smokers, not current smokers, and not on leave when they completed a questionnaire in 1999-1,203 (87.6%) filled in a second questionnaire 15 months later. A wide spectrum of physical, psychological, social, and organisational work factors were assessed by validated questionnaires at baseline. Respondents who reported smoking at least one cigarette per day at the follow-up were considered having resumed daily smoking (relapse). Results: Social climate in the work unit (index with 3 items: supportive, trustful, relaxed) and frequency of exposure to threats and violence were the only work factors that were associated with the occurrence of relapse after adjustments for background factors. In a logistic regression analysis, frequent exposure to threats and violence at work (odds ratio (OR)=2.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-4.29), and the lowest quintile of the social climate index (OR=2.12; CI: 1.03-4.36) were associated with increased risk of smoking relapse, after adjustments for age, gender, marital status, and having preschool children. Conclusions: A poor social climate in the work unit and frequent exposure to threats and violence at work may be predictors of smoking relapse in nurses' aides. It is essential that leaders in the health services put more emphasis on creating a supportive, relaxed, and trustful social climate in the work unit. It is also important that protective measures against violent patients are implemented, and that occupational health officers offer victims of violence appropriate support or therapy.