The utility of genomic prediction models in evolutionary genetics
The utility of genomic prediction models in evolutionary genetics
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2021.0693
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. McGaugh;A. Lorenz;Lex E. Flagel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. McGaugh;A. Lorenz;Lex E. Flagel
复杂性状的变异是许多小效应基因座共同作用的结果。基于这一原理，基因组预测方法用于利用全基因组分子标记来预测个体的育种价值。在育种领域，基因组预测模型已在植物和动物育种中使用了近二十年，以提高遗传改良率并缩短人工选择实验的时间。然而，进化基因组学研究在将这种技术纳入保护环境中选择个体进行繁殖或了解更多有关性状的遗传结构、缺失个体的遗传价值或育种价值的微进化方面进展缓慢。在这里，我们概述了基因组预测的实用性并概述了该方法。我们重点介绍了在野生种群进化遗传学中应用基因组预测的机会，以及在野外收集的表型上使用这些方法时的最佳实践。
Variation in complex traits is the result of contributions from many loci of small effect. Based on this principle, genomic prediction methods are used to make predictions of breeding value for an individual using genome-wide molecular markers. In breeding, genomic prediction models have been used in plant and animal breeding for almost two decades to increase rates of genetic improvement and reduce the length of artificial selection experiments. However, evolutionary genomics studies have been slow to incorporate this technique to select individuals for breeding in a conservation context or to learn more about the genetic architecture of traits, the genetic value of missing individuals or microevolution of breeding values. Here, we outline the utility of genomic prediction and provide an overview of the methodology. We highlight opportunities to apply genomic prediction in evolutionary genetics of wild populations and the best practices when using these methods on field-collected phenotypes.