Phenological synchrony shapes pathology in host–parasite systems

Phenological synchrony shapes pathology in host–parasite systems
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物候同步塑造了宿主-寄生虫系统的病理学

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2019.2597
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Johnson, Pieter T.
Johnson, Pieter T.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
McDevitt-Galles, Travis;Moss, Wynne E.;Calhoun, Dana M.;Johnson, Pieter T.

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围绕持续气候变化的一个关键挑战是确定它们如何改变物种之间的相互作用,包括宿主和寄生虫之间的相互作用。由于传播通常发生在关键时间窗口期间,因此任一分类群的物候变化都可能改变相互作用的可能性或由此产生的病理。我们量化了脆弱的阶段之间的物候同步的两栖类主机(Pseudacris regilla)和感染的致病性吸虫(Ribeiroia ondattera)确定感染流行率,寄生虫负荷和主机病理。通过跟踪主机和寄生虫感染之间的低海拔和高海拔地区(旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区和南部瀑布(山拉森))的整个发展,我们发现,当物候同步高(湾区),每一个建立的寄生虫发生33%的概率造成严重的肢体畸形相对于同步性较低的地区(山拉森)。因此,即使在控制平均感染负荷的情况下,湾区的宿主患病理学的风险也高出50%。我们的研究结果表明,宿主-寄生虫相互作用和由此产生的病理是感染负荷和物候同步的联合产物,突出了疾病结果对预测气候变化的敏感性。
A key challenge surrounding ongoing climate shifts is to identify how they alter species interactions, including those between hosts and parasites. Because transmission often occurs during critical time windows, shifts in the phenology of either taxa can alter the likelihood of interaction or the resulting pathology. We quantified how phenological synchrony between vulnerable stages of an amphibian host (Pseudacris regilla) and infection by a pathogenic trematode (Ribeiroia ondatrae) determined infection prevalence, parasite load and host pathology. By tracking hosts and parasite infection throughout development between low- and high-elevation regions (San Francisco Bay Area and the Southern Cascades (Mt Lassen)), we found that when phenological synchrony was high (Bay Area), each established parasite incurred a 33% higher probability of causing severe limb malformations relative to areas with less synchrony (Mt Lassen). As a result, hosts in the Bay Area had up to a 50% higher risk of pathology even while controlling for the mean infection load. Our results indicate that host–parasite interactions and the resulting pathology were the joint product of infection load and phenological synchrony, highlighting the sensitivity of disease outcomes to forecasted shifts in climate.
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