Secondhand smoke exposure of children at home and prevalence of parental smoking following implementation of the new tobacco control law in Macao
Secondhand smoke exposure of children at home and prevalence of parental smoking following implementation of the new tobacco control law in Macao
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2016.11.018
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Wang, H. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng, Z. L.;Deng, H. Y.;Wang, H. L.
目标：调查澳门实施新烟草控制法后，儿童在家中的二手烟暴露（SHS）及父母吸烟的流行情况。本研究旨在探讨澳门公共场所禁烟是否降低了儿童的吸烟率或增加了儿童在家中的SHS暴露。由于吸烟者不能在公共场所吸烟了，他们可能会更频繁地在家里吸烟;无烟立法的位移效应。研究设计：横断面调查。方法：本研究调查了337名父亲和538名母亲。从全球成人烟草调查（第二版）的关键问题的子集的问题被用来评估自禁烟以来的儿童SHS暴露和父母吸烟的流行率。结果：儿童在家中的SHS暴露率为41.3%。父亲吸烟率为43.7%，母亲吸烟率为3.8%。与澳门特区卫生局2011年公布的数据比较，自禁烟以来，父母吸烟率和儿童在家中的SHS暴露率并没有下降。对增加儿童SHS暴露患病率的因素分析表明，与具有高中或以上教育程度的父亲相比，具有高中以下教育程度的父亲更有可能导致这种增加（分别为48.2%和32.4%）。此外，父亲代表了家中吸烟者的大多数，在415名吸烟父母中，父亲占92.0%。SHS暴露组父亲吸烟率（82.0%）明显高于非暴露组（16.7%）（χ 2检验= 367.199，P = 0.000）。儿童的SHS暴露量随父亲教育水平的降低而增加。这与父亲吸烟的患病率随着父亲教育水平的降低而增加是一致的。SHS暴露在父亲教育水平低于高中，母亲年龄较大的儿童中最常见
Objective: To investigate secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) of children at home and the prevalence of parental smoking after implementation of the new tobacco control law in Macao. This study explored whether the smoking ban in public places in Macao has decreased the prevalence of smoking or led to increased SHS exposure of children at home. As smokers cannot smoke in public places any more, they may smoke at home more frequently; a displacement effect of smoke-free legislation.Study design: Cross-sectional survey.Methods: This study surveyed 337 fathers and 538 mothers. Questions from a subset of key questions from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2nd edition) were applied to assess the SHS exposure of children and the prevalence of parental smoking since the smoking ban. A classification tree analysis was used to analyse the factors increasing SHS exposure of children.Results: The prevalence of SHS exposure in children at home was 41.3%. The prevalence rates of paternal and maternal smoking were 43.7% and 3.8%, respectively. Compared with data reported by the Health Bureau of Macao SAR in 2011, the prevalence of parental smoking and the prevalence of SHS exposure of children at home have not decreased since the smoking ban. Analysis of the factors increasing the prevalence of SHS exposure of children indicated that fathers with an education level below high school were more likely to contribute to this increase, compared with fathers with a high school education or more (48.2% vs 32.4%, respectively). In addition, fathers represented the majority of smokers at home, accounting for 92.0% of 415 smoking parents. The prevalence of paternal smoking (82.0%) in the group of children with SHS exposure was much higher than that in the unexposed group (16.7%, Chi-squared test = 367.199, P = 0.000). The SHS exposure of children increased consistently with the decrease in paternal education level. This was consistent with the increasing prevalence of paternal smoking as paternal education level decreased. SHS exposure was most common among children whose fathers had an education level below high school and whose mothers were aged