The ontogeny of knuckle‐walking and dorsal metacarpal ridge prominence in chimpanzees
The ontogeny of knuckle‐walking and dorsal metacarpal ridge prominence in chimpanzees
复制标题
黑猩猩指关节行走和掌骨背脊突出的个体发育
DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24477
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MacLatchy, Laura M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarringhaus, Lauren;Mitani, John C.;MacLatchy, Laura M.
ObjectivesThis study examined the sensitivity of the development of the dorsal metacarpal ridge（DMR）to the frequency of knuckle‐walking during ontogeny in chimpanzees，and compared the prevalence and prominence of the DMR in hominoids and baboons.Materials and MethodsWe characterized the type and frequency of questedism of wild chimpanzees of different ages from the Ngogo community，Uganda.使用博物馆标本，我们量化了第三掌骨DMR角度和高度在Panindividuals的不同发展阶段，并在adultGorilla，Pongo，Hylobates，andPapio.ResultsWhen陆地，所有四足动物包括指关节行走，虽然老年人指关节行走比年轻。不同年龄组的四足动物的总量是一致的，而arboreal的，然而，指关节的使用，而arboreally四足动物随着年龄的增长。在潘氏症中，DMR脊直到婴儿期才出现，在指关节行走开始后，并在青少年阶段达到突出。DMR角在幼龄后显著增加，但相对高度无显著变化。AdultPanandGorilla有更普遍和突出的DMR than Papio; DMR是罕见的在Pongo和缺席在Hylobates.DiscussionThe黑猩猩的DMR的发展时间支持它作为一个指关节行走的字符，因为它发生在大猩猩，和虚拟缺席suspensoryorangutans和长臂猿。狒狒的DMR在外观和频率上与非洲猿的DMR不同，因此将关节行走与卡他鼻病中的digitigrady区分开来。DMR与陆地垂直手载荷之间的关系值得进一步研究。
ObjectivesThis study examines the sensitivity of the development of the dorsal metacarpal ridge (DMR) to the frequency of knuckle‐walking during ontogeny in chimpanzees, and compares the prevalence and prominence of the DMR in hominoids and baboons.Materials and MethodsWe characterized the type and frequency of quadrupedalism of wild chimpanzees of different ages from the Ngogo community, Uganda. Using museum specimens, we quantified third metacarpal DMR angle and height inPanindividuals of different developmental stages, and in adultGorilla,Pongo,Hylobates, andPapio.ResultsWhen terrestrial, all quadrupedalism consisted of knuckle‐walking, although older individuals knuckle‐walked more than younger. The total amount of quadrupedalism engaged in by different age groups while arboreal was consistent; however, knuckle usage while arboreally quadrupedal increased with age. The DMR ridge did not emerge inPanuntil older infancy, after the onset of knuckle‐walking, and reached prominence by the juvenile stage. The DMR angle increased significantly after juvenility but relative height did not. AdultPanandGorillahave more prevalent and prominent DMRs thanPapio; the DMR was rare inPongoand absent inHylobates.DiscussionThe timing of development of the DMR in chimpanzees supports it as a knuckle walking character, as does its occurrence in gorillas, and virtual absence in suspensoryorangutansandgibbons. The DMR in baboons differs in appearance and frequency from DMRs in African apes, and so differentiates knuckle‐walking from digitigrady in catarrhines. The relationship between the DMR and loading of a vertical hand while terrestrial deserves further study.
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DOI：
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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