American Cancer Society Perspectives on Environmental Factors and Cancer
American Cancer Society Perspectives on Environmental Factors and Cancer
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.20041
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
254.7
通讯作者：
Samet, Jonathan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fontham, Elizabeth T. H.;Thun, Michael J.;Samet, Jonathan M.
癌症预防是美国癌症协会（ACS）的核心使命。ACS的预防活动采取多种形式，但主要集中在已被证明对一般人群的癌症风险影响最大的可改变的风险因素（特别强调烟草使用，因为它对癌症的影响很大），以及行之有效的政策和计划干预措施。ACS通过各种途径解决营养、缺乏身体活动和肥胖、饮酒、过度暴露于阳光、预防某些慢性感染以及选定的其他环境因素，包括共识指南（例如，营养和身体活动、人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种）以及为医疗保健提供者和公众开发教育材料。与ACS和大多数其他公共卫生机构所使用的环境因素的广泛定义相反，一些普通公众成员将“环境”一词仅与有毒空气和水污染物以及人们在日常生活中经常无意中遇到的其他主要人为危害相关联。本文将提供一个概述的ACS的方法来预防癌症与这种有毒污染物的背景下，其使命和优先事项方面的癌症预防。CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59：343-351.（C）2009年美国癌症协会，Inc.
Cancer prevention is central to the mission of the American Cancer Society (ACS). The ACS's prevention activities take many forms, but are primarily focused on modifiable risk factors that have been demonstrated to have the largest impact on cancer risk in the general population (with particular emphasis on tobacco use because of its large impact on cancer), and well-proven policy and program interventions. The ACS addresses nutrition, physical inactivity and obesity, alcohol consumption, excessive sun exposure, prevention of certain chronic infections, and selected other environmental factors through a variety of venues, including consensus guidelines (eg, nutrition and physical activity, human papillomavirus vaccination) and developing educational materials for health care providers and the general public. In contrast to the broad definition of environmental factors used by the ACS and most other public health agencies, some members of the general public associate the term "environmental" only with toxic air and water pollutants and other, predominantly manmade, hazards that people encounter, often involuntarily, in their daily life. This article will provide an overview of the ACS's approach to the prevention of cancer associated with such toxic pollutants in the context of its mission and priorities with respect to cancer prevention. CA Cancer J Clin 2009;59:343-351. (C)2009 American Cancer Society, Inc.