The oculomotor behaviour of human albinos.
The oculomotor behaviour of human albinos.
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人类白化病患者的动眼行为。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Spekreijse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Collewijn;P. Apkarian;H. Spekreijse
水平和垂直眼球运动记录在16人白化与巩膜搜索线圈技术。自发性眼球震颤，对目标步骤的反应，自愿追求和视动性眼球震颤（OKN）进行了评估，包括选择性刺激的鼻或颞半视网膜的影响。研究结果表明，白化病分为三类的oculabetics行为的细分。I类（n = 11）的特征是剧烈的自发性眼球震颤（摆动单向急动或双向急动型），缺乏真正的水平OKN，但存在以不精确的方式控制注视方向的能力。在II类（n = 2）中，有一种剧烈的单向急动性眼球震颤，其自发地或作为视觉刺激的结果方向反转。移动刺激通常引起反向追踪，平滑的眼球运动具有与刺激运动的方向相反的方向。III类（n = 3）的特征是很少或没有自发性眼球震颤和几乎正常的眼球反应。只有追求运动的时间方向，投射到颞半视网膜，是有缺陷的。在所有三个班级中，垂直眼球运动受到的干扰比水平眼球运动少得多。异常的视觉投射（证实在所有科目的不对称单眼视觉诱发皮层电位）是一个可能的基本原因，潜在的眼不稳定性，但大的受试者间的差异表明，最终的后果，路由错误和二次适应可以有很大的不同科目。
Horizontal and vertical eye movements were recorded in 16 human albinos with a scleral search coil technique. Spontaneous nystagmus, responses to target steps, voluntary pursuit and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) were assessed, including the effects of selective stimulation of the nasal or temporal halves of the retina. The results suggest a subdivision of albinos into three classes of oculomotor behaviour. Class I (n = 11) is characterized by vigorous spontaneous nystagmus (of the pendular unidirectional jerk or bidirectional jerk type), the absence of true horizontal OKN but the presence of the ability to control the direction of gaze in an imprecise way. In Class II (n = 2) there is a vigorous unidirectional jerk nystagmus which reverses in direction spontaneously or as a result of visual stimulation. Moving stimuli typically elicited inverted pursuit, the smooth eye movements having a direction opposite to that of the stimulus movement. Class III (n = 3) is characterized by very little or no spontaneous nystagmus and virtually normal oculomotor responses. Only pursuit of motion in the temporal direction, projected onto the temporal half retina, was defective. In all three classes, vertical eye movements were disturbed much less than horizontal. Anomalous visual projections (confirmed in all subjects by asymmetrical monocular visual evoked cortical potentials) are a likely basic cause underlying the oculomotor instability, but the large intersubject differences show that the eventual consequences of misrouting and secondary adaptations can vary widely among subjects.