Terrestrial LiDAR Survey and Morphological Analysis to Identify Infiltration Properties in the Tamala Limestone, Western Australia
Terrestrial LiDAR Survey and Morphological Analysis to Identify Infiltration Properties in the Tamala Limestone, Western Australia
复制标题
陆地激光雷达调查和形态分析，以确定西澳大利亚塔马拉石灰岩的渗透特性
DOI：
10.1109/jstars.2015.2451088
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
A. Baker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Mahmud;G. Mariéthoz;P. Treble;A. Baker
洞穴是岩溶石灰岩渗透水的理想观测站，遥感技术的应用可以为水流模式和过程带来新的见解。我们基于光探测和测距 (LiDAR) 测量活动，对西澳大利亚州西南部的各各他洞穴进行了详尽的描述。该洞穴由第四纪风成岩（沙丘石灰岩）发育而成，其渗透水形成洞穴。我们在洞穴系统内的三个地点收集了洞穴天花板的地面激光雷达扫描结果。使用数学形态学分析生成的点云，以确定钟乳石宽度、长度和空间分布的统计信息。我们建立了钟乳石直径和长度之间的关系，这与钟乳石形状的柏拉图式理想一致。我们将钟乳石密度的变化与洞穴顶部的地形和水力梯度的变化联系起来。从这一分析来看，较长的钟乳石往往出现在相对较低的天花板高度中，我们假设，这代表了洞穴顶部上方石灰岩中存在更大的水量。我们还研究了钟乳石分布与裂缝等天花板特征之间的关系。我们应用它来识别不同类型的可能的流动模式，例如基质流和裂缝流。该分析证明了空间变异性，一个地点具有线性钟乳石群，而另一个地点则主要由钟乳石簇主导。
Caves are an ideal observatory of infiltration water in karstified limestone, and the application of remote sensing techniques can bring new insights toward flow patterns and processes. We present an exhaustive characterization of Golgotha Cave in SW Western Australia, based on a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurement campaign. The cave is developed in Quaternary age aeolianite (dune limestone) and its infiltration waters form speleothems. We collect ground-based LiDAR scans of the cave ceiling at three sites within the cave system. The resulting point-clouds are analyzed using mathematical morphology to determine statistical information on stalactite widths, lengths, and spatial distributions. We establish a relationship between stalactite diameter and length that is in agreement with the platonic ideal of stalactite shape. We relate stalactite density variation with topography of the cave ceiling and variations in hydraulic gradient. From this analysis, it appears that longer stalactites tend to occur in comparatively lower ceiling elevation, which, we hypothesize, represents greater mass of water in the limestone above the roof of the cave. We also investigate the relationship between stalactite distribution and ceiling features such as fractures. We apply this to identify different types of possible flow patterns such as matrix flow and fracture flow. This analysis demonstrates a spatial variability, with one site having linear groups of stalactites and another site mostly dominated by stalactite clusters.