Rainfall‐Induced Soil Surface Sealing: A Critical Review of Observations, Conceptual Models, and Solutions
Rainfall‐Induced Soil Surface Sealing: A Critical Review of Observations, Conceptual Models, and Solutions
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DOI：
10.2136/vzj2004.0570
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发表时间：
2004-05
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
S. Assouline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Assouline
降雨引起的土壤表面封闭可能会对农业、水文和环境产生严重影响。封堵形成是一种复杂的现象，受多种因素控制，涉及土壤性质、降雨特性和水流条件。人们通过大量的实验研究和模拟模型对其进行了研究。本研究从形态、现象学以及概念和经验建模方法等方面对一些主要问题进行了综述，以提高我们对这一现象的感知和模拟其对流动过程的影响的能力。重点介绍了封层形成过程中和封层土壤剖面中不同因素对入渗的影响，包括封层表示法、土壤和降雨特性以及田间非均质性。确定了新的研究机会，以建立土壤封闭过程的通用公式，并对其对流动过程的影响进行可靠的定量预测。这些主要与量化和预测土壤水力特性与影响土壤抗毁性的物理、化学和生物因素之间的关系的能力有关。
Rainfall‐induced soil surface sealing can have severe agricultural, hydrological, and environmental effects. Seal formation is a complex phenomenon dominated by a wide variety of factors involving soil properties, rainfall characteristics, and flow conditions. It has been studied through extensive experimental investigations as well as simulation models. This study reviews some of the main issues, in terms of morphology, phenomenology, and both conceptual and empirical modeling approaches to improve our perception of the phenomenon and our ability to simulate its effects on flow processes. The effects of different factors on infiltration during seal formation and in sealed soil profiles are highlighted, including seal representation, soil and rainfall properties, and field heterogeneity. New research opportunities toward a generalized formulation of the processes involved in soil sealing and a reliable quantitative prediction of its effects on flow processes are identified. These are related mainly to the ability to quantify and predict the relationships between soil hydraulic properties and physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect the soil resistance to destruction.