Association of cytochrome b5 with ETR1 ethylene receptor signaling through RTE1 in Arabidopsis.

Association of cytochrome b5 with ETR1 ethylene receptor signaling through RTE1 in Arabidopsis.
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DOI:
10.1111/tpj.12401
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发表时间:
2014-02
期刊:
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Chang C
Chang C
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chang J;Clay JM;Chang C

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乙烯在植物的生长发育和胁迫反应中起着重要的作用,当乙烯缺乏时,乙烯被一个抑制乙烯反应的受体家族感知。乙烯受体ETR 1的抑制依赖于一个完整的膜蛋白,乙烯敏感性逆转1(RTE 1),它在内质网(ER)膜和高尔基体中作用于ETR 1的上游。为了研究RTE 1的功能,我们使用酵母裂解泛素分析筛选RTE 1相互作用蛋白,产生ER定位的细胞色素b5(Cb 5)亚型D。cb 5是一种在所有真核生物中进行电子转移反应的小血红素蛋白,但它们在植物中的作用相对不确定。利用双分子荧光互补技术(BiFC),我们发现所有四种ER定位的拟南芥Cb 5异构体(AtCb 5-B,-C,-D和-E)都能与植物细胞中的RTE 1相互作用。在这种相互作用的支持下,atcb 5突变体表现出与拟南芥中的rte 1突变体的表型相似。表型包括etr 1 -2乙烯不敏感性的部分抑制和不抑制RTE 1-独立的乙烯受体亚型。单一的功能丧失突变体,atcb 5-B,-c和-d,出现类似的野生型,但双突变体组合显示轻微的乙烯超敏性。AtCb 5-D的过表达降低乙烯敏感性类似于RTE 1过表达,遗传分析表明AtCb 5-D在乙烯反应中RTE 1的上游起作用。这些发现揭示了Cb 5的一个意想不到的作用,其中Cb 5和RTE 1是促进ETR 1介导的乙烯信号抑制的功能伙伴。
Ethylene plays important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses and is perceived by a family of receptors that repress ethylene responses when ethylene is absent. Repression by the ethylene receptor ETR1 depends on an integral membrane protein, REVERSION-TO-ETHYLENE SENSITIVITY1 (RTE1), which acts upstream of ETR1 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and Golgi apparatus. To investigate RTE1 function, we screened for RTE1-interacting proteins using the yeast split ubiquitin assay, which yielded the ER-localized cytochrome b5 (Cb5) isoform D. Cb5s are small hemoproteins that carry out electron transfer reactions in all eukaryotes, but their roles in plants are relatively uncharacterized. Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), we found that all four ER-localized Arabidopsis Cb5 isoforms (AtCb5-B, -C, -D and –E) can interact with RTE1 in plant cells. In support of this interaction, atcb5 mutants exhibited phenotypic parallels with rte1 mutants in Arabidopsis. Phenotypes included partial suppression of etr1-2 ethylene insensitivity and no suppression of RTE1-independent ethylene receptor isoforms. Single loss-of-function mutants, atcb5-b, -c and -d, appeared similar to the wild type, but double mutant combinations displayed a slight ethylene hypersensitivity. Overexpression of AtCb5-D conferred reduced ethylene sensitivity similar to that conferred by RTE1 overexpression, and genetic analyses suggested that AtCb5-D acts upstream of RTE1 in ethylene response. These findings uncover an unexpected role for Cb5, in which Cb5 and RTE1 are functional partners in promoting ETR1-mediated repression of ethylene signaling.
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