A brief overview of preeclampsia.
A brief overview of preeclampsia.
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DOI：
10.4021/jocmr1682w
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tabassum H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Jameil N;Aziz Khan F;Fareed Khan M;Tabassum H
先兆子痫（PE）是全球孕产妇死亡和发病的主要原因。它发生在首次或多次妊娠的妇女，其特征是新发高血压和蛋白尿。胎位不正是该病的主要原因。如果PE仍然不治疗，它会走向更严重的情况，称为子痫。高血压、糖尿病、蛋白尿、肥胖、家族史、未经产、多胎妊娠和血栓性血管疾病是PE的危险因素。PE引发的代谢应激导致血管损伤，从而有助于未来心血管疾病（CVD）和/或慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的发展。这种风险似乎增加，特别是在有复发性PE和子痫病史的女性中。临床上sFlt-1血清水平升高和胎盘生长因子（PlGF）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）降低代表PE的严重状况。重度PE的临床表现包括全身性内皮功能障碍、微血管病、肝脏（溶血、肝功能检查升高和血小板计数降低，即HELLP综合征）和肾脏（蛋白尿）。早期发现PE是产科最重要的目标之一。
Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. It occurs in women with first or multiple pregnancies and is characterized by new onset hypertension and proteinuria. Improper placentation is mainly responsible for the disease. If PE remains untreated, it moves towards more serious condition known as eclampsia. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, proteinuria, obesity, family history, nulliparity, multiple pregnancies and thrombotic vascular disease contribute as the risk factors for PE. PE triggered metabolic stress causes vascular injury, thus contributing to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD) in future. This risk appears to be increased especially in women with a history of recurrent PE and eclampsia. Clinically increased serum levels of sFlt-1 and decreased placental growth factor (PIGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent the severe condition of PE. The clinical findings of sever PE are assorted by the presence of systemic endothelial dysfunction, microangiopathy, the liver (hemolysis, elevated liver function tests and low platelet count, namely HELLP syndrome) and the kidney (proteinuria). The early detection of PE is one of the most important goals in obstetrics.