Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivations to Volunteer and Social Capital Formation
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivations to Volunteer and Social Capital Formation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-6435.2009.00440.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Degli Antoni, Giacomo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Degli Antoni, Giacomo
虽然内在动机在解释人类行为时受到越来越多的关注，但我们对其原因和影响的了解是不完整的。令人惊讶的是，现有的文献没有考虑内在动机和社会资本形成之间的关系。本文通过研究志愿者的不同动机对志愿者社会资本（合作关系网络）的作用，增加了对内在动机影响的理解。我们的实证分析考虑了社会资本的三个指标，旨在测量定量（数量）和定性（质量）。（熟悉和合作的程度）社会关系的特点以及志愿工作的内在和外在动机（理想的动机，渴望对他人有用，追求社会认可和增加熟人或朋友数量的愿望）我们发现，通过参与志愿协会创造社会资本，并不是对促使志愿者开始其无偿活动的动机漠不关心。特别是，我们表明，内在的动机，使人们能够扩大他们的社交网络，通过创建具有显着程度的熟悉的关系。相比之下，外在动机，特别是决定加入一个协会，以增加熟人或朋友的数量，促进网络的创建从定量的角度来看，但它们并不促进基于特定程度的信任关系的创建。
Although intrinsic motivations receive increasing attention in explaining human actions, our knowledge on their causes and effects is incomplete. Quite surprisingly, the existing literature fails to consider the relationship between intrinsic motivations and social capital formation. The present paper increases the understanding on the effect of intrinsic motivations by studying the role that different motivations to volunteer have on the creation of volunteers' social capital which is intended as networks of cooperative relations.Our empirical analysis considers three indices of social capital, aimed at measuring both the quantitative (number) and the qualitative (degree of familiarity and cooperation) character of social relations, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to volunteer (ideal motivations, the desire to feel useful to others, the pursuit of social recognition and the desire to increase the number of acquaintances or friends).We find that the creation of social capital through participation in voluntary associations is not indifferent to the motivations which induced the volunteer to start his/her unpaid activity. In particular, we show that intrinsic motivations enable people to extend their social networks by creating relations characterized by a significant degree of familiarity. By contrast, extrinsic motivations, and in particular the decision to join an association in order to increase the number of acquaintances or friends, promote the creation of networks from a quantitative point of view, but they do not facilitate the creation of relations based on a particular degree of confidence.