Formation of Oil-Particle-Aggregates: Numerical Model Formulation and Calibration
Formation of Oil-Particle-Aggregates: Numerical Model Formulation and Calibration
复制标题
油颗粒聚集体的形成：数值模型制定和校准
DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2021.629476
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Tarpley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Cui;C. Harris;D. Tarpley
当溢油发生在浑浊的沃茨中时，油滴和矿物颗粒可以联合收割机形成油粒聚集体（OPA）。OPA的形成影响了石油和矿物颗粒的垂直迁移，特别是增加了石油在海底的沉积。虽然沿海海洋可能非常浑浊，但迄今为止，很少有数值海洋模型解释了形成OPA的聚集过程。然而，石油和矿物聚集体之间的相互作用可以使用为解释沉积物聚集而开发的技术来表示。作为海洋石油微生物相互作用模拟联盟（CSOMIO）的一部分，我们修改了现有的基于种群动力学的沉积物絮凝模型，以开发OPAMOD，这是一个解释OPA形成的模块。一个零维模型使用OPAMOD被证明是能够再现现有的实验室实验结果的骨料的粒度分布。同样使用零维模型，对两个模型参数，分形维数和碰撞效率进行了敏感性测试。结果表明，分形维数通过影响有效颗粒密度来影响OPA的粒径分布，在一定的质量浓度下，有效颗粒密度改变了絮体的数量浓度。然而，模拟的颗粒特性和石油封存是相对不敏感的碰撞效率。为了探索外大陆架站点的OPA形成，使用一维（垂直）模型实施进行了两次模拟。一种设想是在海底附近有高沉积物浓度，以模拟风暴引起的再悬浮。另一种情况是由于地表沃茨的泥沙浓度很高而造成河流羽流泥沙的输送。结果表明，OPA的形成是敏感的悬浮沉积物的垂直分布，与河流羽流的情况下创建更多的OPA，并封存更多的石油在OPA比风暴再悬浮的情况。OPAMOD是在耦合海洋-大气-波浪-沉积物输运（COAWST）模拟系统中开发的，因此本研究的方法和参数化可移植到CSOMIO在COAWST框架内开发的三维耦合石油-沉积物-微生物模型中。
When oil spills occur in turbid waters, the oil droplets and mineral grains can combine to form oil-particle aggregates (OPAs). The formation of OPAs impacts the vertical transport of both the oil and the mineral grains; especially increasing deposition of oil to the seabed. Though the coastal oceans can be very turbid, to date, few numerical ocean models have accounted for aggregation processes that form OPAs. However, interactions between oil and mineral aggregates may be represented using techniques developed to account for sediment aggregation. As part of Consortium for Simulation of Oil Microbial Interactions in the Ocean (CSOMIO), we modified an existing, population dynamics-based sediment flocculation model to develop OPAMOD, a module that accounts for the formation of OPAs. A zero-dimensional model using OPAMOD is shown to be capable of reproducing the size distribution of aggregates from existing laboratory experimental results. Also using the zero-dimensional model, sensitivity tests were performed on two model parameters, the fractal dimension and collision efficiency. Results showed that fractal dimension played a role in the OPA size distribution by influencing the effective particle density, which modified the number concentration of flocs for a given mass concentration. However, the modeled particle characteristics and oil sequestration were relatively insensitive to collision efficiency. To explore OPA formation for an outer continental shelf site, two simulations were conducted using a one-dimensional (vertical) implementation of the model. One scenario had high sediment concentration near the seabed to mimic storm-induced resuspension. The other scenario represented river plume sediment delivery by having high sediment concentration in surface waters. Results showed that OPA formation was sensitive to the vertical distribution of suspended sediment, with the river plume scenario creating more OPA, and sequestering more oil within OPA than the storm resuspension scenario. OPAMOD was developed within the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-and-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system, therefore the methods and parameterizations from this study are transferrable to a three-dimensional coupled oil-sediment-microbial model developed by CSOMIO within the COAWST framework.
生物物理粘性对海水中油矿物絮凝和沉降的作用
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Ye, Leiping;Manning, Andrew J.;Holyoke, James;Penaloza-Giraldo, Jorge A.;Hsu, Tian-Jian
通讯作者：
Hsu, Tian-Jian