Denial, defect, symptom formation— and construction
Denial, defect, symptom formation— and construction
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否认、缺陷、症状形成——以及建构
DOI：
10.1080/07351698309533494
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
T. Dorpat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Dorpat
本文的目的是论证否认、心理缺陷和症状形成之间的关系。在精神分析和精神病学文献中，术语否认在狭义上被用来指单一的防御机制，在广义上被用来指不同防御的统一概念(Weisman，1972)。在这篇文章中，我将使用广义的否认一词，指的是无意识地否定事件的部分或全部可用含义，以缓解焦虑或其他令人不快的情况。“否认”包括个人在言语、行为或幻想中试图逃避痛苦现实的情况。否认是辩方所做的否认现实的方面。这一观点与否认是所有防御反应的基本底物的概念是一致的(Fine et al.，1969)。许多临床医生将否认的概念限制在外显的言语否定的情况下，显然没有意识到否认可以是内隐的也可以是外显的，内隐否认发生的频率远远高于相对原始的外显否认防御行为。
THE PURPOSE OF THIS PAPER is to demonstrate the relation-ships between denial, psychological defects, and symptom formation. In the psychoanalytic and psychiatric literature the term denial has been used in the narrow sense to refer to a unitary defense mechanism and in a broad sense to refer to a unifying concept of different defenses (Weisman, 1972). In this paper I shall use the word denial in the broad sense to refer to the unconscious repudiation of some or all of the total available meanings of an event to allay anxiety or other unpleasurable condition." Denial" covers situations in which individuals in words, act, or fantasies attempt to avoid painful reality. Denial is the reality-repudiating aspect of what defenses do. This point of view is congruent with the concept that denial is a basic substrate of all defensive reactions (Fine et al., 1969).Many clinicians limit the concept of denial to cases of explicit verbal negation, apparently unaware that the denial may be implicit as well as explicit and that implicit denial occurs far more frequently than does the relatively primitive defensive action of explicit denial.