Decadal Changes of Wind Stress over the Southern Ocean Associated with Antarctic Ozone Depletion
Decadal Changes of Wind Stress over the Southern Ocean Associated with Antarctic Ozone Depletion
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli4195.1
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发表时间：
2007-07
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Xiao-yi Yang;R. Huang;D. Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiao-yi Yang;R. Huang;D. Wang
利用欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）40年再分析（ERA-40）资料和现场观测资料，研究了近20年来南大洋表层风应力的正向变化趋势，并建立了南大洋表层风应力与春季南极臭氧消耗的密切联系。春季南极臭氧消耗影响春末夏初的南半球平流层下部环流。正反馈作用包括极涡的加强和冷却，纬向温度梯度、纬向位涡梯度和垂直位涡梯度的增强，绕极西风带的加速和上升波通量的减少。这一反馈环与臭氧相关的光化学相互作用共同导致了南半球夏季平流层低层纬向风的上升趋势。此外，平流层-对流层耦合，促进了臭氧相关的动力学和南部环形模，合作中继纬向风异常对流层上层。波-平均流相互作用和纬向环流共同作用形成南半球环状模态，将异常风信号向下传递到海面，触发南大洋海面风应力显著增强。
Using 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data and in situ observations, the positive trend of Southern Ocean surface wind stress during two recent decades is detected, and its close linkage with spring Antarctic ozone depletion is established. The spring Antarctic ozone depletion affects the Southern Hemisphere lower-stratospheric circulation in late spring/early summer. The positive feedback involves the strengthening and cooling of the polar vortex, the enhancement of meridional temperature gradients and the meridional and vertical potential vorticity gradients, the acceleration of the circumpolar westerlies, and the reduction of the upward wave flux. This feedback loop, together with the ozone-related photochemical interaction, leads to the upward tendency of lower-stratospheric zonal wind in austral summer. In addition, the stratosphere-troposphere coupling, facilitated by ozone-related dynamics and the Southern Annular Mode, cooperates to relay the zonal wind anomalies to the upper troposphere. The wave-mean flow interaction and the meridional circulation work together in the form of the Southern Annular Mode, which transfers anomalous wind signals downward to the surface, triggering a striking strengthening of surface wind stress over the Southern Ocean.