Woodland remnants as an urban wildlife refuge : a cross-taxonomic assessment
Woodland remnants as an urban wildlife refuge : a cross-taxonomic assessment
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作为城市野生动物保护区的林地遗迹：跨分类学评估
DOI：
10.1007/s10531-014-0622-9
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
K. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soga;M.;Yamaura;Y.;Koike;S. & Gaston;K. J.
城市自然对城市内外的人类生活质量至关重要。在许多发达城市，通过重新植被恢复的项目数量在过去几十年里迅速增加。然而，植被恢复的栖息地在多大程度上对残存的栖息地起到了补偿作用还知之甚少。我们比较了日本中部东京的三种公园类型(五个残存公园、四个新建公园和五个旧公园)和七个建成地点的蝴蝶和地甲虫群落。蝴蝶被分类为林地或开阔地带和斑块依赖或基质栖息的物种。在两个分类群中，遗迹公园和建成地的物种丰富度和丰富度分别最高和最低。3种公园类型的开阔地和基质栖息地蝴蝶的丰富度和丰度没有差异，但林地和斑块依赖型蝴蝶的丰富度和丰富度在残存公园中显著最高。简而言之，在50年后，建立的公园没有达到与残存公园相同的昆虫聚集。这些结果表明，WHIST植被重建是一种有效和快速的通用物种(即广泛分布的物种)的保护措施，这一价值对专家来说是有限的。因此，在高度城市化的景观中，即使是很小的残存林地也为城市野生动物提供了重要的避难所。城市发展初期的遗迹保护计划将决定城市生物多样性的命运。
Urban nature is crucial for the quality of human life both within cities and beyond. In many developed cities, the numbers of restoration-through-revegetation projects have rapidly increased over the decades. However, the extent to which revegetated habitats perform compensatory roles for remnant habitats is poorly understood. We compared butterfly and ground beetle assemblages among three park types (five remnant parks, four newly established parks and five old established parks) and seven built-up sites in Tokyo, central Japan. Butterflies were classified into woodland or open-land and into patch-dependent or matrix-dwelling species. For both taxa, remnant parks and built-up sites had the highest and lowest species richness and abundance, respectively. Although the richness and abundance of open-land and matrix-dwelling butterflies did not differ among the three park types, those of woodland and patch-dependent species were significantly highest in remnant parks. In short, after 50 years, established parks did not attain the same insect assemblages as those in remnant parks. These results illustrate that whist revegetation is an effective and fast-acting conservation measure for generalist species (i.e., widely distributed species), this value is limited for specialists. In highly urbanised landscapes, therefore, even small remnant woodlands provide important refuges for urban wildlife. Remnant protection programs at the early stage of city development would decide the fate of urban biodiversity.