Cost-effectiveness of dryland forest restoration evaluated by spatial analysis of ecosystem services
Cost-effectiveness of dryland forest restoration evaluated by spatial analysis of ecosystem services
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1003369107
复制
发表时间：
2010-12-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Garavito, Natalia Tejedor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birch, Jennifer C.;Newton, Adrian C.;Garavito, Natalia Tejedor
虽然生态恢复被广泛用于防治环境退化，但很少有研究评估这种方法的成本效益。我们研究了森林恢复对拉丁美洲四个旱地地区多种生态系统服务价值的潜在影响，通过估计不同造林情景下生态系统服务效益的净价值。选定的生态系统服务的价值绘制在每一种情况下，支持使用空间明确的森林动态模型。我们探讨了经济潜力的变化，土地利用从牲畜放牧恢复原生林使用不同的贴现率，并进行了三个恢复方案的成本效益分析。结果表明，被动恢复是具有成本效益的所有研究领域的基础上分析的服务，而主动恢复的好处一般超过了相对较高的成本。这些发现被认为是相对不敏感的贴现率，但碳的市场价值是敏感的。研究区域之间记录了价值的巨大差异，表明生态系统服务价值具有很强的特定背景。然而，空间分析，使局部地区的净效益被确定，表明这种方法的价值，确定相对成本和效益的恢复措施在整个景观。
Although ecological restoration is widely used to combat environmental degradation, very few studies have evaluated the cost-effectiveness of this approach. We examine the potential impact of forest restoration on the value of multiple ecosystem services across four dryland areas in Latin America, by estimating the net value of ecosystem service benefits under different reforestation scenarios. The values of selected ecosystem services were mapped under each scenario, supported by the use of a spatially explicit model of forest dynamics. We explored the economic potential of a change in land use from livestock grazing to restored native forest using different discount rates and performed a cost-benefit analysis of three restoration scenarios. Results show that passive restoration is cost-effective for all study areas on the basis of the services analyzed, whereas the benefits from active restoration are generally outweighed by the relatively high costs involved. These findings were found to be relatively insensitive to discount rate but were sensitive to the market value of carbon. Substantial variation in values was recorded between study areas, demonstrating that ecosystem service values are strongly context specific. However, spatial analysis enabled localized areas of net benefits to be identified, indicating the value of this approach for identifying the relative costs and benefits of restoration interventions across a landscape.