Ocular syphilis
Ocular syphilis
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DOI：
10.1097/00055735-200112000-00008
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发表时间：
2001-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cunningham, Emmett T., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aldave, Anthony J.;King, Julie A.;Cunningham, Emmett T., Jr.
虽然一期和二期梅毒的年发病率已降至有记录以来的最低水平，但梅毒仍然是眼部疾病的重要原因。葡萄膜炎是HIV阳性和HIV阴性患者中最常见的梅毒眼部表现，诊断应提示脑脊液分析以排除相关的神经梅毒。较新的方式，如酶免疫测定和基因组扩增，使用聚合酶链反应可能被证明是有用的技术来检测眼内标本中的梅毒螺旋体。尽管制剂、剂量、给药途径和治疗持续时间取决于疾病的阶段和各种宿主因素，但对所有阶段的梅毒的首选治疗仍然是肠外青霉素G。所有被诊断患有眼梅毒的患者都应进行HIV检测，因为原发性生殖器硬下疳的存在会增加获得或传播HIV的风险，而且这两种疾病的风险因素相似。(C)2001 Lippincott威廉姆斯& Wilkins，Inc.
Although the annual incidence of primary and secondary syphilis has dropped to the lowest rate recorded, syphilis remains an important cause of ocular disease. Uveitis is the most common ocular manifestation of syphilis in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients, and the diagnosis should prompt an analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid to exclude associated neurosyphilis. Newer modalities such as enzyme immunoassays and genomic amplification using the polymerase chain reaction may prove to be useful techniques to detect Treponema pallidum in intraocular specimens. The preferred treatment for all stages of syphilis remains parenteral penicillin G, although the preparation, dose, route of administration, and duration of therapy are dictated by the stage of disease and various host factors. All patients diagnosed with ocular syphilis should be tested for HIV, because the presence of a primary genital chancre increases the risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV, and because risk factors for the two diseases are similar. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.