Low Exergy Systems for High-Performance Buildings and Communities
Low Exergy Systems for High-Performance Buildings and Communities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.10.005
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发表时间：
2009-03
影响因子：
6.7
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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毫无疑问，建筑物和社区内的能源供应系统显然需要提高能源利用效率。建筑物中的供暖、制冷和照明设备占世界一次能源需求的三分之一以上。反过来，建筑存量是与能源有关的环境问题和二氧化碳排放的主要贡献者。提高能源供应效率，合理利用建筑物能源，潜力巨大。与发电站等其他热力系统类似，优化建筑物和相关供应结构中的有效能流有助于确定提高能源利用效率的潜力。通过分析，可以表明，仅基于能源节约和一次能源概念的计算不足以全面了解能源利用过程的所有重要方面。进一步提高效率的高潜力，例如，锅炉，不能仅仅通过执行能量分析来量化-能量效率接近100%;然而，这种潜力可以通过使用有效能分析来证明，其中普通燃气锅炉的有效能效率约为8%。有必要制定新的和更有效的能源供应方式，以满足对能源服务的需求。本文概述了在国际能源署（IEA）的总体框架内开展的国际合作工作，ECBCS附件49“高性能建筑和社区的低（火用）系统”[附件49，建筑和社区系统的节能-高性能建筑和社区的低（火用）系统，主页：http://www.annex49.com，2007]。
There is an obvious and indisputable need for an increase in the efficiency of energy utilisation in buildings and in the energy supply system within communities. Heating, cooling and lighting appliances in buildings account for more than one third of the world's primary energy demand. In turn, building stock is a major contributor to energy-related environmental problems and CO2emissions. There are great potentials to be obtained through a more efficient supply of energy and rational use of energy in buildings. An optimisation of the exergy flows in buildings and related supply structures, similar to other thermodynamic systems such as power stations, can help in identifying the potential of increasing efficiency in energy utilisation. Through analyses, it can be shown that calculations based on the energy conservation and primary energy concept alone are inadequate for gaining a full understanding of all important aspects of energy utilisation processes. The high potential for a further increase in the efficiency of; for example, boilers, cannot be quantified exclusively by performing energy analyses—the energy efficiency is close to 100%; however, this potential can be demonstrated by using an exergy analysis, whereby the exergy efficiency of a common gas boiler is about 8%. It is necessary to work out new and more efficient ways to supply energy to satisfy the demand for energy services. This paper outlines the international co-operative work in the general framework of the International Energy Agency (IEA), the ECBCS Annex 49 “Low Exergy Systems for High Performance Buildings and Communities” [Annex 49, Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems—Low Exergy Systems for High Performance Buildings and Communities, homepage: http://www.annex49.com, 2007].