Modeling study of air pollution due to the manufacture of export goods in China's Pearl River Delta
Modeling study of air pollution due to the manufacture of export goods in China's Pearl River Delta
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DOI：
10.1021/es051275n
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Carmichael, GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Streets, DG;Yu, C;Carmichael, GR
珠江三角洲是中国南部沿海的主要制造业地区，每年生产超过1000亿美元的商品出口到北美，欧洲和亚洲其他地区。相当多的空气污染是由制造业本身以及支持制造业的发电厂、卡车和船只造成的。我们估计，该地区10-40%的主要二氧化硫、氮氧化物、可吸入悬浮颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物排放是由出口相关活动造成的。使用STEM-2K 1大气传输模型，我们估计这些排放量占该地区SO2，NOx，NOz和VOC环境浓度的5-30%。出口商品价格便宜，因而对发达国家消费者具有吸引力的一个原因是，排放控制缺乏或效果不佳。我们估计，安装最先进的控制装置的年成本为3 - 30亿美元，占所生产商品价值的0.3-3%。我们的结论是，可以采取缓解措施，而不会严重影响出口商品的价格，并将实现相当大的人类健康和其他利益的形式，减少在人口稠密的城市地区的空气污染物浓度。
The Pearl River Delta is a major manufacturing region on the south coast of China that produces more than $100 billion of goods annually for export to North America, Europe, and other parts of Asia. Considerable air pollution is caused by the manufacturing industries themselves and by the power plants, trucks, and ships that support them. We estimate that 10-40% of emissions of primary SO2, NOx, RSP, and VOC in the region are caused by export-related activities. Using the STEM-2K1 atmospheric transport model, we estimate that these emissions contribute 5-30% of the ambient concentrations Of SO2, NOx, NOz, and VOC in the region. One reason that the exported goods are cheap and therefore attractive to consumers in developed countries is that emission controls are lacking or of low performance. We estimate that state-of-the-art controls could be installed at an annualized cost of $0.3-3 billion, representing 0.3-3% of the value of the goods produced. We conclude that mitigation measures could be adopted without seriously affecting the prices of exported goods and would achieve considerable human health and other benefits in the form of reduced air pollutant concentrations in densely populated urban areas.