How the Ciliary Membrane Is Organized Inside-Out to Communicate Outside-In.
How the Ciliary Membrane Is Organized Inside-Out to Communicate Outside-In.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2018.03.010
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发表时间：
2018-04-23
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reiter JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia G 3rd;Raleigh DR;Reiter JF
纤毛是一种细胞器，它可以移动以执行受精等功能，并发出信号以执行感光和胚胎图案化等功能，它由一个由膜覆盖的九重双重微管核心组成。不同类型的纤毛显示不同的膜形态，从简单的圆顶圆柱体到内陷和感光器外节的膜盘。对于纤毛的信号传递能力至关重要，睫状膜的蛋白质和脂质组成与其他细胞膜的蛋白质和脂质组成不同。这种特化对细胞提出了独特的挑战，因为与其他膜相关的细胞器不同，纤毛膜与周围的质膜相邻。这种独特的睫状膜是与包括纤毛发生过程的多个膜重塑事件相一致地产生的。一旦纤毛形成，对纤毛膜组成的控制依赖于离散的分子机器，包括在纤毛基部的称为过渡区的专门区域处进入纤毛的膜蛋白的屏障和控制G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）定位到纤毛的称为BBSome的运输适配器。通过释放纤毛细胞外囊泡来去除膜蛋白，可以进一步重塑纤毛膜，所述纤毛细胞外囊泡可以在细胞间通讯、去除不需要的蛋白质或纤毛分解中起作用。在这里，我们回顾的结构和运输机制，控制睫状膜的组成，并讨论膜专业化如何使纤毛功能的天线的细胞。
Cilia, organelles that move to execute functions like fertilization and signal to execute functions like photoreception and embryonic patterning, are comprised of a core of nine-fold doublet microtubules overlain by a membrane. Distinct types of cilia display distinct membrane morphologies, ranging from simple domed cylinders to the invaginations and membrane disks of photoreceptor outer segments. Critical for the ability of cilia to signal, both the protein and the lipid compositions of ciliary membranes are differentiated from those of other cellular membranes. This specialization presents a unique challenge for the cell as, unlike other membrane-associated organelles, the ciliary membrane is contiguous with the surrounding plasma membrane. This distinct ciliary membrane is generated in concert with the multiple membrane remodeling events that comprise the process of ciliogenesis. Once the cilium is formed, control of ciliary membrane composition relies on discrete molecular machines, including a barrier to membrane proteins entering the cilium at a specialized region of the base of the cilium called the transition zone and a trafficking adaptor that controls G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) localization to the cilium called the BBSome. The ciliary membrane can be further remodeled by the removal of membrane proteins by the release of ciliary extracellular vesicles that may function in intercellular communication, removal of unneeded proteins or ciliary disassembly. Here, we review the structures and transport mechanisms that control ciliary membrane composition, and discuss how membrane specialization enables the cilium to function as the antenna of the cell.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.102.5.1797
发表时间：
1986-05
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Salomonsky NL
影响因子：
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发表时间：
2010-09-06
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Witman GB
影响因子：
9.2
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影响因子：
4.8
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