The caterpillar fungus, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, genome provides insights into highland adaptation of fungal pathogenicity.
The caterpillar fungus, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, genome provides insights into highland adaptation of fungal pathogenicity.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-01869-z
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发表时间：
2017-05-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gao LZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xia EH;Yang DR;Jiang JJ;Zhang QJ;Liu Y;Liu YL;Zhang Y;Zhang HB;Shi C;Tong Y;Kim C;Chen H;Peng YQ;Yu Y;Zhang W;Eichler EE;Gao LZ
为了解真菌致病性高原适应性的潜在遗传基础，我们构建了青藏高原特有的中华眼镜蛇（Ophiocorphinensis）~116 Mb高质量基因组。与其他平原真菌相比，O.中华绒螯蟹的基因组是由于3800万年前的高原隆升引起的长末端重复序列反转录转座子的快速扩增。我们还观察到大量与运输过程和能量代谢相关的数千个基因被移除。O. sinensis在低温适应性、耐冷性、真菌致病性和专化性寄主侵染等方面表现出明显的谱系特异性基因家族扩展。我们检测了参与过氧化物酶和低氧的基因的正选择信号，以使其能够适应高原。对31个O.在青藏高原，中华绒螯蟹种群具有纬度分化和向高海拔栖息的自然选择性。
To understand the potential genetic basis of highland adaptation of fungal pathogenicity, we present here the ~116 Mb de novo assembled high-quality genome of Ophiocordyceps sinensis endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Compared with other plain-dwelling fungi, we find about 3.4-fold inflation of the O. sinensis genome due to a rapid amplification of long terminal repeat retrotransposons that occurred ~38 million years ago in concert with the uplift of the plateau. We also observe massive removal of thousands of genes related to the transport process and energy metabolism. O. sinensis displays considerable lineage-specific expansion of gene families functionally enriched in the adaptability of low-temperature of cold tolerance, fungal pathogenicity and specialized host infection. We detect signals of positive selection for genes involved in peroxidase and hypoxia to enable its highland adaptation. Resequencing and analyzing 31 whole genomes of O. sinensis, representing nearly all of its geographic range, exhibits latitude-based population divergence and nature selection for population inhabitation towards higher altitudes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.